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        <PersonNm>Walter S Kiefer</PersonNm>
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        <PersonNm>Bernard Seery</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>VP, Science and Technology</TitleTxt>
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        <PersonNm>Carol L Kory</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>VP, Program Dev &amp; Univ Engage</TitleTxt>
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        <PersonNm>Robert O'Brien</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Director CSNR</TitleTxt>
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        <PersonNm>Tonya T Stephens</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>VP, Human Resources, CHRO</TitleTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Schedule J, Part I, Line 1a First-class or charter travel</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>USRA allows first class travel for the CEO.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Schedule J, Part I, Line 1a Health or social club dues or initiation fees</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>USRA offers up to $250/year reimbursement for health benefits expenses (shoes, gym membership, etc). These reimbursements are included in taxable compensation on the individual W-2.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Schedule J, Part I, Line 3 Arrangement used to establish the top management official's compensation</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Annually, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees reviews market salary rates, employee performance and recommends approval of any merit increase, non-base incentive payment, or change in benefits for the Chief Executive Officer to the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees. The Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees also provides for annual review and vote to approve all merit increases, with specific review of any officer compensation changes. The Executive Committee votes on any recommended increase. The Compensation Committee also votes on recommended merit compensation changes for all employees. For employees reporting directly to the CEO, the Compensation Committee plays an "advise and consent" role for other changes in remuneration which require the approval of the President. Any compensation changes involve market level analysis and are measured through published compensation surveys and individual data from peer organizations, nonprofits, but also including for-profit organizations whose mission requires employees with similar skills and experience to our organization. Base salaries are reviewed annually, with any increase depending on both the movement in market salary rates, employee performance and available budget. The Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees provides for annual review and vote to approve all merit increases, with specific review of any officer compensation changes.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Schedule J, Part I, Line 4b Supplemental nonqualified retirement plan</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The association provides a nonqualified deferred compensation plan (457F) for the CEO, Jeff Isaacson. In 2024, $100,000 was accrued.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Schedule J, Part I, Line 5a Compensation contingent on revenues of the organization</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The president &amp; CEO's incentive compensation is based on a number of performance goals and measures, indicative of fulfilling organization's non-profit purpose.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part III, Line 4a-4c Description of program services</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>(Expenses $ 9,301,436 including grants of $ 736,094)(Revenue $ 3,297,981) RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE (RIACS): THE RIACS IS FOCUSED ON DEVELOPING THE NEXT GENERATION ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES THAT WILL FACILITATE BOTH HUMAN AND ROBOTIC SPACE EXPLORATION. SINCE ITS INCEPTION IN 1983, THE INSTITUTE HAS CONDUCTED BASIC AND APPLIED COMPUTER SCIENCE RESEARCH ACROSS A VARIETY OF AEROSPACE-RELATED DISCIPLINES, INCLUDING SUPERCOMPUTING, COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS, COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY, HIGH-PERFORMANCE NETWORKING, AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. NASA Academic Mission Services (NAMS) contract to deliver new concepts, tools and technologies related to aeronautics, science and aeroflightdynamics. This five-year agreement for a $193 million award launches an integrated multi-year research effort to be conducted at NASA's Ames Research Center, which ranges from fundamental research and development through field test deployments and operational science missions. the low-gravity science program at nasa's glenn research center continues to achieve mission success on numerous flight experiments on the international space station (iss) and other suborbital platforms while also supporting ground-based r&amp;d that is often the precursor of future iss flight experiments. E street technologies llc (ESt) is a for-for profit organization with small business designation, created to support USRA's mission of advancing science and technology for the benefit of the public. The glenn engineering and reasearch support (GEARS) provides engineering, research and scientific support for communications and intelligent systems, power, propulsion, materials and structures, and systems engineering and architecture.. The program is vital for the development and evaluation of technologies in space and aeronautics, including specialized work in quantum technologies and electric propulsion. CENTER FOR SPACE NUCLEAR RESEARCH (CSNR): THE CSNR IS OPERATED BY USRA IN COLLABORATION WITH THE IDAHO NATIONAL LABORATORY to foster collaboration with department of energy, nasa, department of defense, university and industry scientists and programs. CSNR scientists and engineers research and develop advanced space nuclear systems, including power and energy transmission systems, nuclear thermal propulsion, and radioisotopic generators. The Earth from Space Institute (EfSI) is dedicated to building the science that responds to urgent sustainable development challenges across climate, disasters, and energy systems.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 18</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>https://facweb.census.gov/</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 6 Classes of members or stockholders</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>USRA has members that are comprised of the member universities.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 7a Members or stockholders electing members of governing body</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>A council, which is comprised of a representative from each member institution, oversees the board of trustees and is responsible for voting for members of the board of trustees.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 7b Decisions requiring approval by members or stockholders</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The board of trustees, which is comprised of representatives elected from member institutions and at large members including a qualified financial expert, are delegated all authorities from the members except modifying by-laws and electing new trustees.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 11b Review of form 990 by governing body</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The draft Form 990 is reviewed in detail by the audit committee and chief financial officer. It is also provided to the governing body before submission. The document is posted on a password-protected internal web page for board review prior to filing.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 12c Conflict of interest policy</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>At the beginning of each board of trustees meeting, the board reviews USRA's conflict of interest policy and each trustee present submits a conflict of interest disclosure form. The conflict of interest policy is applicable to employees. USRA provides in its employee handbook that all employees will identify any outside employment, financial interest, or relationships that might conflict with the best interest of USRA and that they will not use proprietary information for personal gain or to the detriment of the organization. In the event a potential conflict is identified, USRA requires the individual to recuse themselves from participating in any affected transaction or governing body deliberations and decisions, and to take such other situationally appropriate course needed to mitigate or avoid the conflict.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 15a Process to establish compensation of top management official</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Annually, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees reviews market salary rates, employee performance and recommends approval of any merit increase, non-base incentive payment, or change in benefits for the Chief Executive Officer to the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees. The Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees also provides for annual review and vote to approve all merit increases, with specific review of any officer compensation changes. The Executive Committee votes on any recommended increase. The Compensation Committee also votes on recommended merit compensation changes for all employees. For employees reporting directly to the CEO, the Compensation Committee plays an "advise and consent" role for other changes in remuneration which require the approval of the President. Any compensation changes involve market level analysis and are measured through published compensation surveys and individual data from peer organizations, nonprofits, but also including for-profit organizations whose mission requires employees with similar skills and experience to our organization. Base salaries are reviewed annually, with any increase depending on both the movement in market salary rates, employee performance and available budget.The Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees provides for annual review and vote to approve all merit increases, with specific review of any officer compensation changes.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 15b Process to establish compensation of other employees</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Annually, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees reviews market salary rates, employee performance and recommends approval of any merit increase, non-base incentive payment, or change in benefits for the Chief Executive Officer to the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees. The Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees also provides for annual review and vote to approve all merit increases, with specific review of any officer compensation changes. The Executive Committee votes on any recommended increase. The Compensation Committee also votes on recommended merit compensation changes for all employees. For employees reporting directly to the CEO, the Compensation Committee plays an "advise and consent" role for other changes in remuneration which require the approval of the President. Any compensation changes involve market level analysis and are measured through published compensation surveys and individual data from peer organizations, nonprofits, but also including for-profit organizations whose mission requires employees with similar skills and experience to our organization. Base salaries are reviewed annually, with any increase depending on both the movement in market salary rates, employee performance and available budget.The Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Trustees provides for annual review and vote to approve all merit increases, with specific review of any officer compensation changes.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Line 19 Required documents available to the public</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The association makes its governing documents, conflict of interest policy, and financial statements available to the public upon request.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part IX, Line 11g Other Fees</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Other Professional Fees - Total Expense: 2800332, Program Service Expense: 1408189, Management and General Expenses: 1392143, Fundraising Expenses: ; Sub-contract Expenses - Total Expense: 7803042, Program Service Expense: 7803042, Management and General Expenses: , Fundraising Expenses: ;</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part XII, Line 2c Change of oversight process or selection process</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>This process has not changed from the prior year.</ExplanationTxt>
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          <AddressLine1Txt>425 3rd Street SW Suite 955</AddressLine1Txt>
          <CityNm>Washington</CityNm>
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        <PrimaryActivitiesTxt>Advancing Science &amp; Technology For The Public Good</PrimaryActivitiesTxt>
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