2025-08-14T17:09:37-05:00 2024-09-30 860750225 Keegan Linscott & Associates PC 3443 N Campbell Avenue Suite 115 Tucson AZ 85719 990 2023-10-01 330175263 Planetary Science Institute PLAN 5206226300 1700 E Ft Lowell Rd No 106 Tucson AZ 85719 Maurizio Balistreri Chief Financial Officer 5206226300 2025-08-12 1 1 Carla J Keegan P00596839 5208840176 2023 2025-03-06 01:10:19Z Amanda R Hendrix 1700 E Ft Lowell Rd No 106 Tucson AZ 85719 17875430 0 X www.psi.edu X 1986 AZ Solar system exploration, comparative planetology, science education and public outreach 6 6 162 3 0 0 121858 127528 17741199 17674797 61275 66962 12896 6143 17937228 17875430 0 0 0 0 13003275 13200431 0 0 1334 4617126 4592816 17620401 17793247 316827 82183 6331149 5660734 3045591 2230439 3285558 3430295 X The Planetary Science Institute studies the origin, characteristics, and evolution of planetary systems, including our solar system, Earth itself, and planetary systems around other stars. We convey the resulting knowledge to the scientific community, and to the public at large to promote science education and science literacy. We further use this knowledge to advance human activity in space and shape the future of robotic exploration of the solar system. 0 0 16019376 17674797 The Planetary Science Institute (PSI) is a nonprofit science research and educational organization with an established record of excellence in solar system exploration, comparative planetology, science education and public outreach. PSI has scientists in 34 states, the District of Columbia, and other locations around the world. In the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, PSI scientists operated instruments on NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and Juno missions and provided science team support for these and NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Mars Perseverance Rover, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, Psyche, New Horizons, and Europa Clipper missions and ESA's Mars Express. They are developing insights into the origin of life, discovered widespread sources of water and hydroxyl on the Moon, and found a new population of impact craters on Venus. They have explained the existence of a young underground ocean on an icy satellite of Saturn, improved our understanding of Earth's ionosphere, and discovered potential ice-rich deposits in the equatorial region of Mars.The PSI Observatory continues to be used in the study of Jupiter's Io torus, the observation of comets, exoplanets and other bodies. PSI scientists support an instrument on the International Space Station to study the climate effects of dust (particularly from North Africa).PSI scientists were awarded research grants and contracts to conduct diverse research and laboratory studies covering the Moon, Mars, asteroids, comets, meteorites, outer planet satellites, solar system dynamics, solar system origins, planets around other stars, and other areas.PSI is responsible, as part of NASA's Planetary Data System, for archiving all mission data involving asteroids, comets and interplanetary dust and making it available to the general science community and public. PSI scientists engaged in public outreach through art, writing children's books, popular science books, and public lectures and broadcast events such as Discovery Channel and BBC specials. 16019376 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 21 0 1 162 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 X X The Organization 5206226300 1700 E Ft Lowell Rd No 106 Tucson AZ 85719 Mark V Sykes CEO / Trustee 40.00 X X 262687 0 44511 Scott Fouse Trustee/Board Chair 5.00 X X 0 0 0 William Craig Trustee/Vice Chair 5.00 X X 0 0 0 William Hartmann Trustee 5.00 X 0 0 0 Alison Nordt Trustee 5.00 X 0 0 0 Arun Seraphin Trustee 5.00 X 0 0 0 Maurizio A Ienna-Balistreri CFO / Treasurer 40.00 X 201307 0 53430 Linda L Rueger HR Director / Secretary 40.00 X 150967 0 28877 Nathaniel Putzig Senior Scientist 40.00 X 175167 0 40335 Amanda R Hendrix Senior Scientist 40.00 X 196113 0 52564 Catherine M Weitz Senior Scientist 40.00 X 178166 0 40147 Melinda Dyar Senior Scientist 30.00 X 183202 0 25648 Eldar Z Noe Dobrea Senior Scientist 40.00 X 172659 0 31740 1520268 0 317252 53 0 1 0 0 127528 127528 Grant Revenue 541700 17674797 17674797 17674797 66962 66962 Other Revenue 541700 6143 6143 6143 17875430 17674797 0 73105 610161 156281 453880 9674392 9150572 523820 1182999 1047334 135665 960493 857206 103287 772386 695264 77122 858 2 856 40000 75 39925 2527 2527 111159 42247 68912 71354 61853 8581 920 161797 137141 24656 221044 172874 48170 433696 430759 2937 212139 204570 7569 17373 13952 3421 246211 209964 36247 38366 38366 Subcontracted Research 2365155 2365155 Consulting 276203 276203 Communications 101119 61594 39525 Publication Costs 64982 64982 228833 71348 157071 414 17793247 16019376 1772537 1334 2988380 2387106 295495 364986 1515125 1609012 18482 35258 3545759 2416031 1307177 1129728 206490 134644 6331149 5660734 2143048 2003848 4390 0 666274 73495 231879 153096 3045591 2230439 X 3175518 3313255 110040 117040 3285558 3430295 6331149 5660734 82183 62554 0 X 0 1 X 1 1 1 X 15029897 17285049 18502354 17863057 17674797 86355154 15029897 17285049 18502354 17863057 17674797 86355154 86355154 12173 10402 15066 61275 66962 165878 7954 12896 6143 26993 86548025 0.99780 0.99850 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 2298935 1370768 928167 1246824 1045263 201561 1129728 Operating Lease Liablity 153096 153096 X 17937984 62554 62554 17875430 0 17875430 17793247 0 17793247 0 17793247 Part X, Line 2: The Institute is exempt from federal income taxes under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Institute is also exempt from state income taxes. Accordingly, no provision for federal or state income taxes is recorded in the accompanying financial statements. Management is not aware of any matters which would cause the Institute to lose its tax-exempt status. However, income from certain activities not directly related to the Institute's tax-exempt purpose, may be subject to taxation as unrelated business income. Management has considered its tax positions and believes that all of the positions taken in its federal and state exempt organization tax returns are more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. The Institute's returns are subject to examination by federal and state taxing authorities, generally for three years and four years, respectively, after they are filed. The Institute recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in operating and general expenses in the accompanying financial statements. During the years ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Institute did not recognize any interest and penalties. X X X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mark V Sykes CEO / Trustee 245415 0 15000 0 2272 0 36268 0 8243 0 307198 0 0 0 Maurizio A Ienna-Balistreri CFO / Treasurer 186007 0 15000 0 300 0 27545 0 25885 0 254737 0 0 0 Amanda R Hendrix Senior Scientist 183956 0 10867 0 1290 0 26679 0 25885 0 248677 0 0 0 Catherine M Weitz Senior Scientist 172983 0 3893 0 1290 0 24400 0 15747 0 218313 0 0 0 Nathaniel Putzig Senior Scientist 172931 0 946 0 1290 0 23966 0 16369 0 215502 0 0 0 Melinda Dyar Senior Scientist 176309 0 6893 0 0 0 25648 0 0 0 208850 0 0 0 Eldar Z Noe Dobrea Senior Scientist 172209 0 0 0 450 0 23929 0 7811 0 204399 0 0 0 Linda L Rueger HR Director / Secretary 146740 0 2000 0 2227 0 20634 0 8243 0 179844 0 0 0 Form 990, Part VI, Section A, line 8b Planetary Science Institute does not have committees that have authority to act on behalf of the governing body. Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11b The CFO coordinates the preparation of the tax return with the Institute's independent auditing firm, which is selected by Board resolution. The Controller and CFO review the tax return line by line and discuss all elements of the return with the CEO. After final review and discussion, the CFO signs the tax return. Other members of the Board are provided a copy of the return prior to the return being filed. Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 12c Employees and Trustees are required to sign the COI policy upon onboarding. PSI's procurement policy requires purchases in excess of certain thresholds to have multiple quotes, mitigating the risk of paying excessive amounts to potentially conflicted parties. Direct cost purchases are scrutinized for compliance by PIs and Finance staff. Indirect cost purchases are scrutinized by Finance staff, including Controller, CFO, and CEO. Quarterly financial reports are reviewed by Management and Board of Trustees. Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 15 Compensation for the CEO and CFO are reviewed, discussed, and approved by the Board of Trustees. Form 990, Part VI, Section C, line 19 The organization's financial statements, governing documents, etc. are made available to the public upon request.