2025-11-17T17:30:12-06:00 2024-12-31 PwC US Tax LLP 101 SEAPORT BLVD SUITE 500 BOSTON MA 02210 990 2024-01-01 300833462 TMT INTERNATIONAL OBSERVATORY LLC % FRANK MUNOZ TMTI 6263951608 100 W WALNUT STREET SUITE 300 PASADENA CA 91124 ROBERT KIRSHNER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 6263951608 2025-11-17 true true TRAVIS PATTON P00369623 6175305000 2025-11-17 2024 2025-03-06 01:10:19Z ROBERT KIRSHNER 100 W WALNUT STREET STE 300 PASADENA CA 91124 13198485 false X WWW.TMT.ORG X 2014 DE SEE SCHEDULE O 6 6 55 17 0 0 20300538 12385209 0 0 1532089 788761 8218763 24515 30051390 13198485 116058 20158 0 0 5787956 5574332 0 0 0 10196302 10854840 16100316 16449330 13951074 -3250845 231193423 227866179 25644996 25568597 205548427 202297582 X SEE SCHEDULE O false false 12614699 20158 0 SEE SCHEDULE O 12614699 true true false true false false false false false false true false false true true true true false false true true false false false false false false false false true false false false false false false false false false false false false false false false false false true 26 0 55 true false false false false false false false false false false false false X 6 6 true false false false true true true true true false false true true true true true true false false false CA X FRANK MUNOZ 6263951608 100 W WALNUT STREET 300 PASADENA CA 91124 X ROBERT KIRSHNER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 40.0 0.0 X 837584 0 55942 FENGCHUAN LIU PROJECT MANAGER 40.0 0.0 X 372606 0 82382 ERIC HANSEN DEPUTY PROJECT MANAGER 40.0 0.0 X 313164 0 88267 JOSE TERAN FACILITIES DEPARTMENT HEAD 40.0 0.0 X 290711 0 82509 BENJAMIN GALLAGHER TELESCOPE OPTICS GROUP LEADER 40.0 0.0 X 279677 0 64534 CORINNE BOYER ADAPTIVE OPTICS GROUP LEADER 40.0 0.0 X 264616 0 72236 KYLE KINOSHITA TELESCOPE STRUCT. GROUP LEADER 40.0 0.0 X 246108 0 60162 GELYS TRANCHO PROJECT SYSTEMS ENGINEER 40.0 0.0 X 251506 0 48812 DIANA JERGOVIC SECRETARY/GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X X 0 0 0 BRUCE MACINTOSH GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 CHRISTOPHER MARTIN GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 TOM SOIFER GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 MICHAEL BOLTE GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 HENRY YANG GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 FENG YUAN GOVERNOR - END DATE 5/24 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 XUEFENG WU GOVERNOR - END DATE 5/24 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 SUIJIAN XUE GOVERNOR - END DATE 5/24 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 SAKU TSUNETA GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 TOMONORI USUDA GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 GILLES JONCAS GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 MICHITOSHI YOSHIDA GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 LUC SIMARD GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 ESWAR REDDY GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 AN RAMAPRAKASH GOVERNOR 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 MICHAEL BALOGH GOVERNOR - START DATE 1/24 4.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 2855972 0 554844 44 false true true CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1200 E CALIFORNIA BLVD PASADENA CA 91125 SCIENTIFIC SERVICES 5397276 COHERENT INC 5100 PATRICK HENRY DRIVE SANTA CLARA CA 95054 ENGINEERING SERVICES 5198800 BCF SOLUTIONS INC 14325 WILLARD RD SUITE 107 CHANTILLY VA 20151 PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 1049998 AMOS - ADVANCED MECH OPTICAL SYS RUE DES CHASSEURS ARDENNAIS 2 ANGLEUR LEIGE BE 4031 ENGINEERING SERVICES 978068 HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP 875 THIRD AVENUE NEW YORK NY 20151 PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 413140 15 4385209 8000000 12385209 0 788761 788761 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OTHER INCOME 900099 24515 24515 24515 13198485 813276 20158 20158 0 0 0 0 0 0 2960222 1061167 1899055 402626 316480 86146 1923460 1414612 508848 288024 226398 61626 0 561633 561633 64349 64349 589 589 0 0 190649 155837 34812 0 66609 52357 14252 371589 292084 79505 0 1991438 1848815 142623 106885 98626 8259 0 29579 25428 4151 1549857 1549857 0 236004 211231 24773 254448 200006 54442 SUBCONTRACTS 4998670 4202738 795932 PROPERTY TAX 216333 200867 15466 SUPPLIES 82749 67343 15406 COMMUNICATION EXPENSE 38634 30368 8266 94825 78105 16720 16449330 12614699 3834631 0 6772792 8176074 30458958 10405695 0 0 628986 385782 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 738947 1004669 2782830 1856617 713279 926213 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 191880461 206967746 231193423 227866179 2762872 2970980 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22882124 22597617 25644996 25568597 X 0 0 0 0 205548427 202297582 205548427 202297582 231193423 227866179 -3250845 X false true X true true true X 34844902 25262508 58338746 20300538 12385209 151131903 0 0 34844902 25262508 58338746 20300538 12385209 151131903 0 151131903 322680 83209 442569 1532089 788761 3169308 0 42918 124262 137144 8218763 24515 8547602 162848813 0.92805 0.93130 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 1091 1091 12614699 12615790 780790 195198 689697 695803 712519 780790 2878809 4318214 4180 5312 1091 10583 172424 173951 178130 195198 719703 1079555 11926 11926 0 2343062 1420192 922870 427841 424498 3343 926213 CONSTRUCTION IN PROGRESS 199917799 OPERATING LEASE (ROU ASSET) 7049947 206967746 0 ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION 12069571 OPERATING LEASE LIAB. (LT) 8241872 PAYROLL LIABILITIES 965815 OPERATING LEASE LIAB. (CURRENT 1320359 22597617 X 813276 813276 12385209 12385209 13198485 16449330 16449330 16449330 SCHEDULE D, PART X, LINE 2 TIO HAS NO REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR UNCERTAIN TAX PROVISIONS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023. ACCORDINGLY, NO PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES HAS BEEN MADE IN THE ACCOMPANYING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. SCHEDULE D, PART XI, LINE 4B MEMBERSHIP CONTRIBUTIONS: $12,385,209 North America 0 3 Program Services PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT 618131 Europe (Including Iceland and Greenland) 0 3 Program Services PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT 103416 0 6 0 6 721547 721547 false false false false false false X X false true false false false false false false false true false ROBERT KIRSHNER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 805258 0 0 0 32326 0 26070 0 29872 0 893526 0 0 0 FENGCHUAN LIU PROJECT MANAGER 349606 0 0 0 23000 0 52490 0 29892 0 454988 0 0 0 JOSE TERAN FACILITIES DEPARTMENT HEAD 290711 0 0 0 0 0 45645 0 36864 0 373220 0 0 0 CORINNE BOYER ADAPTIVE OPTICS GROUP LEADER 264616 0 0 0 0 0 40785 0 31451 0 336852 0 0 0 ERIC HANSEN DEPUTY PROJECT MANAGER 313164 0 0 0 0 0 48778 0 39489 0 401431 0 0 0 BENJAMIN GALLAGHER TELESCOPE OPTICS GROUP LEADER 279677 0 0 0 0 0 34747 0 29787 0 344211 0 0 0 GELYS TRANCHO PROJECT SYSTEMS ENGINEER 246506 0 5000 0 0 0 30235 0 18577 0 300318 0 0 0 KYLE KINOSHITA TELESCOPE STRUCT. GROUP LEADER 246108 0 0 0 0 0 37365 0 22797 0 306270 0 0 0 FORM 990, SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 1A ONE OFFICER RECEIVED A TAX GROSS UP PAYMENT AND A HOUSING ALLOWANCE WHICH IS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE J, PART II, COLUMN (B) (III). FORM 990, SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 1B TAX INDEMNIFICATION AND GROSS-UP PAYMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO MANAGEMENT APPROVAL. FORM 990, SCHEDULE J, PART I, LINE 7 ONE HIGHLY COMPENSATED EMPLOYEE RECEIVED A DISCRETIONARY BONUS THAT WAS SUBJECT TO MANAGEMENT APPROVAL. FORM 990, SCHEDULE J, PART II FENGCHUAN LIU AND ROBERT KIRSHNER ARE COMPENSATED BY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, AN UNRELATED ORGANIZATION. TIO REIMBURSES THE CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE COSTS OF THOSE EMPLOYEES RELATED TO THE SERVICES PROVIDED TO TIO. THE AMOUNTS INCLUDED IN PART VII AND SCHEDULE J, PART II REPRESENT THEIR COMPENSATION IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR SERVICES TO TIO. PART I, LINE 1 AND PART III, LINES 1 AND 4A TMT INTERNATIONAL OBSERVATORY (TIO) WAS FOUNDED BY THE MEMBERS LISTED BELOW EXCLUSIVELY TO FURTHER CHARITABLE, EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES AND, WITHIN SUCH LIMITS, TO ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND EDUCATION THROUGH THE STUDY, OBSERVATION, AND COLLECTION OF IMAGES AND INFORMATION FROM DEEP SPACE WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF FURTHERING HUMAN UNDERSTANDING OF ASTRONOMY AND THE ORIGINS OF THE UNIVERSE: 1. THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ("UC") 2. CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ("CALTECH") 3. THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF NATURAL SCIENCES ("NINS") 4. THE NATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ("NAOC") (UNTIL 5/24) 5. THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA ("NRC") 6. THE DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ("DST") TIO IS PURSUING ITS PURPOSE BY DESIGNING, DEVELOPING, CONSTRUCTING, AND OPERATING A "STATE-OF-THE-ART" THIRTY-METER, WORLD CLASS TELESCOPE AND ASSOCIATED OBSERVATORY ON MAUNA KEA IN HAWAI'I (THE "TMT PROJECT") AND, IN RELATION THERETO, FOSTERING ACADEMIC AND SCIENTIFIC INTERACTION AMONG EDUCATIONAL AND OTHER RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS ON A GLOBAL BASIS. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 1 THE GOVERNING BODY OF TIO IS ITS BOARD. THE BOARD IS COMPRISED OF UP TO 3 GOVERNORS APPOINTED BY EACH OF THE 6 MEMBERS OF THE ORGANIZATION. EACH MEMBER MUST DESIGNATE ONE OF ITS GOVERNORS AS A VOTING REPRESENTATIVE. AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2024, THE BOARD HAD A TOTAL OF 17 GOVERNORS, OF WHICH 6 GOVERNORS ARE VOTING REPRESENTATIVES. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 2 THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS HAVE A BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP AS A RESULT OF THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH THEIR ORGANIZATIONS AND THE TMT PROJECT: UC: HENRY YANG, MICHAEL BOLTE, BRUCE MACINTOSH CALTECH: DIANA JERGOVIC, TOM SOIFER, FENGCHUAN LIU, ROBERT KIRSHNER, CHRISTOPHER MARTIN NRC: GILLES JONCAS, MICHAEL BALOGH (AS OF 1/24), LUC SIMARD NINS: SAKU TSUNETA, TOMONORI USUDA, MICHITOSHI YOSHIDA NAOC: SUIJIAN XUE (UNTIL 5/24), FENG YUAN (UNTIL 5/24), XUEFENG WU (UNTIL 5/24) DST: ESWAR REDDY, A.N. RAMAPRAKASH FORM 990, PART VI, LINES 6 AND 7 AS OF 12/31/2024 THE MEMBERS OF TIO WERE: 1. UC 2. CALTECH 3. NINS 4. NRC 5. DST GOVERNANCE DECISIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION INCLUDING THE APPOINTMENT AND NUMBER OF GOVERNORS, ADMISSION OF NEW MEMBERS AND THE TERMS OF SUCH ADMISSION ARE RESERVED TO THE MEMBERS OF THE ORGANIZATION. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 11B WORKING WITH PWC US TAX, LLP ("PWC"), THE FORM 990 IS PREPARED. THE FORM 990 IS THEN REVIEWED BY MANAGEMENT, THE LEGAL COUNSEL AND THE AUDIT COMMITTEE. PRIOR TO FILING WITH THE IRS THE FINAL FORM 990 IS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE FULL BOARD. PWC SIGNS THE RETURN AS PAID PREPARER AND ELECTRONICALLY FILES THE RETURN WITH THE IRS. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 12C ON AN ANNUAL BASIS TIO DISTRIBUTES CONFLICT OF INTEREST QUESTIONNAIRES TO THE BOARD MEMBERS, OFFICERS, AND KEY EMPLOYEES TO COMPLETE AND RETURN. MANAGEMENT OF TIO REVIEWS THE RETURNED FORMS FOR COMPLIANCE. IF A CONFLICT IS DISCOVERED IT IS ESCALATED TO THE APPROPRIATE PARTY WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION. ALL CONFLICTS ARE RESOLVED IN ACCORDANCE WITH TIO'S WRITTEN CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY. FORM 990, PART VI, LINE 19 GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND POLICIES, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE NOT OPEN TO PUBLIC INSPECTION.