2025-11-03T10:10:51-06:00 2024-12-31 582676261 Rogers & Company PLLC 8300 Boone Boulevard Suite 600 Vienna VA 22182 990 2024-01-01 134174402 Foundation for the Defense of Democracies Inc FOUN 2022070190 1800 M Street NW 800S Washington DC 200365876 Clifford D May President 2022070190 2025-10-17 1 1 Yong Zhang CPA P01249785 7038930300 2025-09-30 2024 2025-03-06 01:10:19Z Clifford D May 1800 M Street NW 800S Washington DC 200365876 33557969 0 X https://www.fdd.org/ X 2001 NY Research institute focusing on foreign policy and national security- See Schedule O 25 23 102 110 0 0 23209636 31956043 189961 128718 395972 346332 128472 107516 23924041 32538609 500000 900000 0 0 13516211 16359974 0 0 2892504 11378330 13662896 25394541 30922870 -1470500 1615739 31722831 41304210 6211205 13600276 25511626 27703934 X To conduct research and provide education on national security and on international terrorism. See Schedule O for full mission 0 0 8764990 Research: Provides research on national security, international relations, terrorism, and related issues on a timely basis and in response to the political and societal environment. 3990999 900000 Communications and Government Relations: Educates the general public and policy audiences on issues related to national security, international relations, terrorism, and other issues related to the defense of democratic societies and institutions. 2384604 Iran Threat: Provides policy research, analysis, and education addressing Iran's support for terrorism and the pursuit of nuclear weapons. 2063357 Center on Economic and Financial Power: Examines how democracies can use sanctions as economic coercion, deter illicit finance, and defend themselves against economic warfare. 1503485 Center on Military and Political Power: Promotes understanding of the defense strategies, policies, and capabilities necessary to deter and defeat threats to the freedom, security, and prosperity of Americans and our allies by providing rigorous, timely, and relevant research and analysis. 1908935 128718 Center on Cyber and Technology Innovation: Aims to promote a greater understanding of the threats and opportunities to national security posed by the rapidly expanding technological environment. 1482896 Extremism Projects: Conduct research and analysis of certain groups and nations that may cause harm to the US or other democratic allies. 932621 Education and Training Programs: Provide mentoring, skill-building workshops, roundtables, and travel opportunities to mid-career professionals working in various aspects of national security and public policy. 7891294 128718 23031887 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 134 0 1 102 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 25 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 CA FL GA IL KY MD MA MI NJ NY NC PA RI TN VA X Kathy Helman Vice President Finan 2022070190 1800 M Street NW 800S Washington DC 200365876 X Timothy Gordon Chairman 2.00 X X 0 0 0 Leonard Abramson Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Isaac Applbaum Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 David Arditi Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 David Barish Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Brian Bilzin Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Michael Cohen Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Eric Dezenhall Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Larry Hochberg Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 David Horowitz Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Robert Kargman Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Lennert Leader Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 James Litinsky Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Bernard Marcus deceased 1124 Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Alan Meltzer Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 David Naftaly Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Natty Nashman Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Mark Pelson Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Mark Pruzanksi Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Kenneth Schwartz Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Tina Snider Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 David Sterling Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Gil Tenzer Director 1.00 X 0 0 0 Mark Dubowitz CEO 60.00 X X 848899 0 56391 Clifford May President 60.00 2.00 X X 793905 704 49711 Jonathan J Schanzer SVP 60.00 2.00 X 578337 697 60113 William McCarthy COO 48.00 2.00 X 548961 4627 14246 Lawrence Muscant SVP (Sr. Advisor Mid Year) 50.00 2.00 X 512378 0 40461 Lesli Gillette VP, Development 60.00 X 337857 0 58519 Eyal Hulata Senior International Fellow 50.00 X 401906 0 46264 Mark Montgomery Senior Director / Senior Fellow 50.00 X 308711 0 27542 Elizabeth L Robbins VP 50.00 X 315521 0 16066 Elaine K Dezenski Senior Director 50.00 X 293652 0 47286 Bradley L Bowman Senior Director 50.00 X 302275 0 47067 5242402 6028 463666 43 0 1 0 K17 Security 9710 Traville Gateway Drive Suite Rockville MD 20850 Security Services 1275316 Max Security Solutions LTD 55/a Yigal Alon Street Tel Aviv IS 6789153 Research and Program Services 817827 Shorashim 1415 N Dayton 4DE Chicago IL 60642 Tour Service Provider 627637 OSIbeyond LLC 11921 Rocivkille Pike Suite 210 Rockville MD 20852 Information Technology Services 457679 Paul Weiss Rifkind Wharton & Garrison 1285 Avenue of the Americas New York NY 100196064 Legal and Research Services 402766 26 31956043 1019360 31956043 Consulting Revenue 900099 128718 128718 128718 355894 355894 104676 0 104676 104676 104676 1009798 1019360 -9562 -9562 -9562 Other revenue 900099 2840 2840 2840 32538609 128718 0 453848 X 900000 900000 4033585 2120206 538640 1374739 9913501 8393566 978790 541145 419217 338864 43249 37104 1141002 912799 142879 85324 852669 648382 91978 112309 900065 711994 177099 10972 29125 29125 9364 9364 8259970 5897794 2323194 38982 602057 396708 131493 73856 777653 494635 213505 69513 942791 716843 101894 124054 1262897 904475 105307 253115 450703 254142 72822 123739 255642 194950 27370 33322 172629 146529 11770 14330 30922870 23031887 4998479 2892504 10597341 9156609 5410156 3879642 626771 3050868 120589 477392 443313 3203936 2452815 893761 751121 9738489 14408095 3978921 9493973 31722831 41304210 1393318 1922633 250000 428553 4567887 11249090 6211205 13600276 X 16093261 20386138 9418365 7317796 25511626 27703934 31722831 41304210 X 1615739 576575 -6 X X 0 1 X 1 0 X 15069464 15921966 17850316 23209636 31956043 104007425 15069464 15921966 17850316 23209636 31956043 104007425 14974899 89032526 124973 166800 236155 523166 460570 1511664 168 3965 6137 79 2840 13189 105532278 650026 0.84370 0.72200 X Schedule A, Part II, Line 10, Explanation of Other Income: Other Income - 2020 Amount: $ 168. 2021 Amount: $ 3,965. 2022 Amount: $ 6,137. 2023 Amount: $ 79. 2024 Amount: $ 2,840. RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 0 900057 900057 30022813 30922870 1000000 250000 0 0 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 4000000 6000000 305967 18161 515428 900057 1739613 250000 250000 250000 250000 1000000 1500000 106848 4902 111750 102277 4571 106848 102075 202 102277 102036 39 102075 100000 2036 102036 1.00000 0 0 2286528 1823289 463239 734782 469489 265293 182626 160037 22589 751121 Intercompany receivable 259749 Deposits and lease incentives 328912 Deferred compensation plan assets 1055764 Right-of-use assets - operating leases 7849548 9493973 Deferred compensation plan liabilities 1055764 Lease liabilities - operating leases 10193326 11249090 X 33105814 576575 -6 576569 32529245 9364 9364 32538609 30913506 0 30913506 9364 9364 30922870 Part V, Line 4: In June 2018, the Board resolved to solicit contributions to be held in perpetuity and funding of long-range support for programs and operations of the Foundation. Part X, Line 2: Management has evaluated the Foundation's tax positions and concluded that the consolidated financial statements do not include any uncertain tax positions. Part XI, Line 2d - Other Adjustments: Exchange Rate Gain (Loss) -6. 1 East Asia and the Pacific 0 1 Program service Research, Software, Meetings, and Travel 7718 Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland) 0 1 Program service Research, Meetings, Travel, Subscriptions, and Software Tools 280348 Middle East and North Africa 0 13 Program service Research, Communiction, Travel, Security, Subscriptions, and Educational Trips 2132345 North America 0 1 Program service Research, Subscriptions, Travel, and Software Tools 133779 0 16 0 0 0 16 2554190 0 2554190 0 0 0 0 0 0 Part I, Line 2: Grantees are requested to provide regular updates on activities funded. Yhrtr were no foreign grants in FY 24. Part I, line 3: Foreign expenses are directly tracked and accounted for on the accrual method of accounting. 1 FDD Action 1800 M Street NW Ste 800S Washington DC 200365876 832602916 501(c)(4) 900000 0 N/A N/A General Operations 0 1 Part I, Line 2: Grantees are requested to provide regular updates on activities funded. X X X X 0 1 X X X X X X 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Mark Dubowitz CEO 437505 0 322500 0 88894 0 10350 0 46041 0 905290 0 0 0 Clifford May President 439412 704 322500 0 31993 0 10350 0 39361 0 843616 704 0 0 Jonathan J Schanzer SVP 386616 697 187500 0 4221 0 10350 0 49763 0 638450 697 0 0 William McCarthy COO 394219 4627 150000 0 4742 0 10350 0 3896 0 563207 4627 0 0 Lawrence Muscant SVP (Sr. Advisor Mid Year) 339612 0 150000 0 22766 0 10350 0 30111 0 552839 0 0 0 Eyal Hulata Senior International Fellow 325000 0 10000 0 66906 0 10350 0 35914 0 448170 0 0 0 Lesli Gillette VP, Development 232167 0 105000 0 690 0 10350 0 48169 0 396376 0 0 0 Bradley L Bowman Senior Director 263462 0 37500 0 1313 0 9068 0 37999 0 349342 0 0 0 Elaine K Dezenski Senior Director 255462 0 37500 0 690 0 9096 0 38190 0 340938 0 0 0 Mark Montgomery Senior Director / Senior Fellow 269231 0 37500 0 1980 0 9261 0 18281 0 336253 0 0 0 Elizabeth L Robbins VP 269231 0 45000 0 1290 0 9466 0 6600 0 331587 0 0 0 Part I, Line 1a FDD grosses up the reimbursement of the President's and Chief Executive Officer's supplemental life insurance so that the net amount covers the cost of the policy. This insurance is provided as a result of an enhanced security risk to the CEO and is included in his taxable compensation. Additionally costs realted overseas assignments taxable to the various members of staff and were grossed-up to cover the taxable costs of these expenses. As Outlined in FDD's Travel policy, First-Class/Business Class travel is offered for travel over a certain length of time. Travel for companions is offered to family members related to international assignments. Additionally, housing allowance is offered for International Assignments. Part I, Line 1b While there is no written policy for these expenses, the reimbursements were approved by the Compensation Committee. Additionally, First-Class/Bussiness Class travel is included in FDD's travel policy. All other items are at the descretion of Senior Management and/or FDD's compensation Committee. Part I, Line 4b Certain officers participated a split-dollar life insurance plan during FY 24 (see Schedule L Part II for detail). The terms and conditions of the plan are confidential and available to the IRS upon request. Part I, Line 7 Bonus targets are set annually by management and the Compensation Committee. Bonuses are paid to staff based on performance and accomplishments. Regular employee bonuses are approved by management. Bonuses to the President, CEO, and officers are set and approved by the Compensation Committee. Mark Dubowitz CEO Premium Payment of Split-Dollar Life Insurance X 100000 37619 0 1 1 William McCarthy COO Premium Payment of Split-Dollar Life Insurance X 100000 40688 0 1 1 Jonathan Schanzer SVP Premium Payment of Split-Dollar Life Insurance X 100000 42282 0 1 1 120589 X 18 1019360 FMV (Avg high/low) 0 1 1 Part I, Line 32b: FDD accepts non-cash contribution through a 3rd party broker, upon receipt, the COO authorizes the sale of the contributed stock. Form 990, Part III, Line 1, Description of Organization Mission: To conduct research and provide education on national security and on international terrorism. The organization produces independent analyses on issues related to national security and global terrorism's intentions and capabilities. FDD examines the historical, cultural, philosophical, and ideological factors that drive terrorism and that threaten democracies and individual freedoms guaranteed within democratic societies. Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11b The President, CEO, and Finance & Audit Committee reviewed and commented on the 990. The final draft of the 990 was provided the all of the members of the Board of Directors prior to submitting to the IRS. Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 12c FDD asks those covered by the Conflict of Interest Policy to complete a disclosure form annually. In the case that they do have an actual or potential conflict of interest, they are asked to promptly disclose all pertinent facts to the President, the CEO, or the Chairman of the Board. Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 15 FDD's Compensation Committee reviews, sets, and approves salary and bonuses for the President and CEO. Quatt & Associates conducted a compensation study to assist the Compensation Committee in setting compensation for the President and CEO. Minutes are taken of the meeting and decisions are comfirmed via email. Compensation for other officers is recommended by the President and CEO, and reviewed and approved by the Compensation Committee. Quatt & Associates conducted a compensation study for FDD to assist the President, CEO, and the Compensation Committee in setting and approving compensation for the other officers. Salary and bonus recommendations for other officers are documented in writing by the President and CEO, which are then provided to the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee's review and approval of the recommendations is included in the Compensation Committee minutes and confirmed by email. Form 990, Part VI, Section C, line 19 The governing documents, conflict of interest policy and Form 990 are available upon request. Form 990, Part VII, Section A, Row 1, Column(D) Included in the reportable compensation for the CEO and President, are: - amounts related to his base compensation and annual bonus. - gross-up of a supplemental life insurance policy provided by FDD to the CEO resulting from an enhanced security risk to him. - gross-up of taxable expenses related to his temporary oversea assignment. All of these items have been reviewed and approved by the FDD's Compensation Committee. Form 990, Part IX, line 11g Research: Program service expenses 5,301,875. Management and general expenses 0. Fundraising expenses 0. Total expenses 5,301,875. Media Advisory and Consulting: Program service expenses 230,124. Management and general expenses 0. Fundraising expenses 0. Total expenses 230,124. Security: Program service expenses 126,264. Management and general expenses 2,293,069. Fundraising expenses 2,000. Total expenses 2,421,333. Administrative Services: Program service expenses 239,531. Management and general expenses 30,125. Fundraising expenses 36,982. Total expenses 306,638. Form 990, Part XI, line 9: Exchange Rate Gain (Loss) -6. Form 990, Part XII, Line 2c: No change from prior year. FDD Action 1800 M Street NW Ste 800S Washington DC 200365876 832602916 Advocate for effective policies to promote U.S. national security DC 501(c)(4) Foundation for the Defense of Democracies Inc 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 FDD Action B 900000 Cash FDD Action N 90256 Allocation of time sheet