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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part III, Line 1, Description of Organization Mission:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan "fact tank" that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping America and the world. Pew Research Center generates a foundation of facts that enriches the public dialogue and supports sound decision-making. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, content analysis and other empirical social science research. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center's sole member is The Pew Charitable Trusts, an Internal Revenue Code section 501(c)(3) public charity. The Pew Charitable Trusts elects a majority of Pew Research Center's board of directors. Pew Research Center's bylaws provide that any amendment to the bylaws must be approved by the Pew Charitable Trusts.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>See Form 990, Part VI, Section A, Line 6 Narrative</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>See Form 990, Part VI, Section A, Line 6 Narrative</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11b</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center's Form 990 is thoroughly prepared and rigorously reviewed before it is filed with the IRS. The return is reviewed by the organization's director of financial administration and corporate treasurer, its president, and its director of legal affairs and corporate secretary as well as outside independent certified public accountants and outside legal counsel. Following the review, the return is distributed to all members of the board of directors for review and comment before the return is filed with the IRS.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center has adopted conflict of interest policies that apply to the organization's directors, officers, and staff. These policies require directors, officers, and employees to annually complete a form to disclose any potential conflicts of interest. The forms are collected and reviewed by the director of legal affairs and corporate secretary who summarizes the relevant information and provides it to the board chair for review and approval. Throughout the year, individuals subject to the conflict of interest policy are required to update their disclosure statement to include any information required to be disclosed and must seek prior approval from the president for any activity, affiliation, membership, or transaction required to be disclosed under the policy. The president's disclosures are approved by the board chair. Once approved or disapproved, the signed disclosure statements are returned to the director of legal affairs and corporate secretary who maintains a record of the disclosures. All actual conflicts are reported to the board of directors. If individuals have an actual conflict, they are prohibited from participating in the deliberations and decision-making related to the transaction.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center annually engages an independent compensation consulting firm to conduct a compensation study to evaluate the reasonableness of the total proposed compensation for the organization's "disqualified persons" under Treas. Reg. 53.4958-3 without regard to whether the person has been elected an officer. The independent compensation study focuses on the compensation paid to functionally comparable positions at similarly situated organizations and also considers industry compensation surveys. The compensation study is provided to the organization's executive committee, together with a reasoned written opinion from the compensation consultant that the proposed compensation arrangements for the disqualified persons are "reasonable" within the meaning of Treas. Reg. 53.4958-4(b)(1)(ii)(A). The executive committee sets compensation for each disqualified person, and makes a recommendation to the full board with respect to compensation for the president. The full board then reviews the compensation study and opinion for the president, together with the recommendation of the executive committee, and makes a decision with respect to the president's compensation. The executive committee and board rely on the compensation consultant's opinion and compensation study to guide their review, deliberation, and approval of the proposed compensation arrangements, and their decisions regarding compensation (including the bases for these decisions) are documented in the minutes. The executive committee and board members who vote on compensation for disqualified persons and the president do not have a conflict of interest with regard to these compensation arrangements.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center's Form 1023 is made available to the public upon request. Pew Research Center's most recently filed Form 990 is available on the organization's website. In accordance with Treas. Reg. 301.6104(d)-1(a) and IRS notice 2007-45, copies of Pew Research Center's three most recent Forms 990 are made available for inspection by the public during regular business hours at Pew Research Center's office in Washington, DC.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center's audited financial statements are made available to the public upon request. The organization does not normally make its governing documents available to the public.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>As per Pew Research Center's bylaws, officers may include one or more vice presidents and are designated by the board of directors.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>Polling Fees: Program service expenses 14,392,688. Management and general expenses 0. Fundraising expenses 0. Total expenses 14,392,688. Focus Group Fees: Program service expenses 1,109,023. Management and general expenses 0. Fundraising expenses 0. Total expenses 1,109,023. Other Fees: Program service expenses 890,409. Management and general expenses 281,732. Fundraising expenses 0. Total expenses 1,172,141.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>Pew Research Center is audited as part of the consolidated financial statements of its parent, The Pew Charitable Trusts. The audit committee of The Pew Charitable Trusts selects the independent accountant and assumes responsibility for oversight of the audit. The consolidated financial statements received an unqualified audit opinion for this fiscal year.</ExplanationTxt>
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