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      <MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd>X</MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd>
      <AccountantCompileOrReviewInd>false</AccountantCompileOrReviewInd>
      <FSAuditedInd>false</FSAuditedInd>
      <FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>false</FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>
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        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>200000</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
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        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>11</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>3538</TotalAmt>
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    <IRS990ScheduleO documentId="IRS990ScheduleO">
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART III, LINE 1</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>CAUSE OF ACTION INSTITUTE (COA INSTITUTE) CARRIES OUT ITS MISSION THROUGH VARIOUS STRATEGIC LITIGATION, EDUCATION, AND TRAINING. IN ADVANCING ITS 501(C)(3) PURPOSES, COA INSTITUTE REPRESENTS ITSELF IN FIRST-PARTY LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS ON COMPLEX CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW QUESTIONS ARISING UNDER THE U.S. CONSTITUTION, THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT, THE ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE ACT, AND GOVERNMENT OVERSIGHT STATUTES. IT ALSO PROVIDES PRO BONO REPRESENTATION TO INDIVIDUALS AND SMALL BUSINESSES IN THIRD PARTY FEDERAL LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS. ITS EFFORTS FOCUS ON THREE KEY AREAS: (1) LAW ENFORCEMENT ABUSE; (2) DISCRETIONARY DECISION-MAKING ABUSE; AND (3) INFORMATION ACCESS ABUSE. THE FOREGOING ACTIVITIES HELP DEFEND HUMAN AND CIVIL RIGHTS SECURED BY LAW, ARE MATTERS OF SIGNIFICANT BROAD PUBLIC INTEREST, AND HAVE SUBSTANTIAL IMPACT BEYOND THE INTEREST OF THE LITIGANTS. COA INSTITUTE EDUCATES AND STIMULATES DISCUSSION TO THE PUBLIC THROUGH FILINGS AND BRIEFING IN FEDERAL COURT AND POLICY-FOCUSED REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION, AGENCY COMPLAINTS, STATEMENTS FOR THE RECORD, INVESTIGATIVE REPORTS, POLICY ANALYSIS, AND COMMUNICATIONS MATERIALS.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>THE INFORMATION BELOW IS A PARTIAL LISTING OF CASES COA INSTITUTE LITIGATED DURING THE JANUARY 1, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022 PERIOD. LOPER BRIGHT ENTERPRISES V. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE: THIS CASE CHALLENGES INDUSTRY FUNDING OF AT-SEA MONITORS AS BEYOND THE AGENCY'S POWER UNDER THE MAGNUSON-STEVENS ACT. COA INSTITUTE REPRESENTS A GROUP OF FISHING VESSELS ADVERSELY IMPACTED BY THE CHALLENGED REGULATION. COA INSTITUTE ALSO MAINTAINS A SMALL NUMBER OF FEDERAL FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT CASES AS A FIRST-PARTY LITIGANT, SEEKING ACCESS TO INFORMATION FROM FEDERAL AGENCIES ON ISSUES RELATED TO SECTION 232 TARIFFS AND IRS COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON TAXATION.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>AN INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTING FIRM PREPARED AND REVIEWED THE FORM 990. A FULL DRAFT OF THE 990 ALONG WITH ALL REQUIRED SCHEDULES IS THEN PROVIDED TO INTERNAL MANAGEMENT FOR REVIEW. ALL QUESTIONS ARE ADDRESSED AND ANY MODIFICATIONS ARE MADE, IF NECESSARY. THE FINAL FORM 990 ALONG WITH ALL REQUIRED SCHEDULES IS THEN PROVIDED TO THE BOARD.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>THE BOARD IS COVERED BY A CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY AND, AS NECESSARY, THE BOARD AND LEGAL COUNSEL MAY MEET PERIODICALLY TO DISCUSS THE POLICY AND ANY POTENTIAL CONFLICTS.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>THE ORGANIZATION MAKES ALL REQUIRED DISCLOSURES AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UNDER IRS REGULATIONS.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VII, Section A</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>DAVID WILLIAMS WAS COMPENSATED ON IRS FORM 1099-NEC FOR INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR CONSULTING SERVICES PERFORMED ON BEHALF OF THE ORGANIZATION, PURSUANT TO A WRITTEN CONTRACT.</ExplanationTxt>
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  </ReturnData>
</Return>
