2023-11-07T13:20:51-06:00 2022-12-31 390747409 REILLY PENNER & BENTON LLP 1233 NORTH MAYFAIR RD SUITE 302 MILWAUKEE WI 532263255 990 2022-01-01 222628153 INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR ETHICAL RESEARCH INC INTE 3124276025 444 NORTH WELLS STREET 406 CHICAGO IL 606544594 KENNETH KANDARAS PRESIDENT 3124276025 2023-10-30 1 KENNETH KANDARAS 999009999 0 KATHERINE HOFFMAN P01458876 4142717800 2 AAL1 IAL1 2022 2023-04-26 12:10:37Z KENNETH KANDARAS 444 NORTH WELLS STREET 406 CHICAGO IL 606544594 400798 0 X IFER.ORG X 1985 IL TO ADVANCE THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN-RELEVANT, NON-ANIMAL ALTERNATIVES IN RESEARCH, TESTING AND EDUCATION. 6 6 0 10 0 0 291020 276170 0 0 21604 11443 0 0 312624 287613 77500 93000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23891 31028 101391 124028 211233 163585 830510 870064 0 0 830510 870064 TO ADVANCE THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN-RELEVANT, NON-ANIMAL ALTERNATIVES IN RESEARCH, TESTING AND EDUCATION. 0 0 112674 93000 INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR ETHICAL RESEARCH, INC. HAS FUNDED SEVEN MEDICAL RESEACH PROJECTS THAT UTILIZE HUMAN-RELEVANT, NON-ANIMAL ALTERNATIVES AS THEIR TEST MODELS. THE PROJECTS MAY HELP COUNTLESS PATIENTS WITHOUT HARMING ANIMALS. 112674 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 IL MA VA X X KENNETH KANDARAS 3124276025 444 NORTH WELLS STREET 406 CHICAGO IL 606544594 KENNETH KANDARAS PRESIDENT 5.00 40.00 X X 0 158281 0 JOHN H SCHEID JR TREASURER/SECRETARY 1.00 X X 0 0 0 MARY MARGARET CUNNIFF DIRECTOR 1.00 X 0 0 0 SYLVIA O DECKER DIRECTOR 1.00 X 0 0 0 THOMAS S MOORE DIRECTOR 1.00 X 0 0 0 PAMELA OSENKOWSKI PH D DIRECTOR 5.00 X 0 0 0 0 158281 0 0 0 1 0 0 276170 276170 14276 14276 110352 113185 -2833 -2833 -2833 287613 0 0 11443 80500 80500 12500 12500 11674 11674 1200 1200 5504 5504 8000 8000 STATE FILING FEES 4010 4010 FOREIGN TAXES 640 640 124028 112674 11354 0 137880 218523 692630 651541 830510 870064 0 0 X 830510 870064 830510 870064 830510 870064 163585 -124031 0 X X 1 X 0 1 0 X 125000 150000 246200 291020 276170 1088390 125000 150000 246200 291020 276170 1088390 937136 151254 4574 5397 7676 21604 11443 50694 4091 4091 1143175 0.13230 0.40930 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 0 X PART X, LINE 2: IFER HAS IMPLEMENTED ACCOUNTING FOR UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES IN ACCORDANCE WITH U.S. GAAP. THIS STANDARD PRESCRIBES A RECOGNITION THRESHOLD AND MEASUREMENT ATTRIBUTE FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENT RECOGNITION AND MEASUREMENT OF A TAX POSITION TAKEN OR EXPECTED TO BE TAKEN IN A TAX RETURN AND ALSO PROVIDES GUIDANCE ON VARIOUS RELATED MATTERS SUCH AS DERECOGNIZING, INTEREST, PENALTIES AND DISCLOSURES REQUIRED. MANAGEMENT OF IFER EVALUATES THE UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS TAKEN, IF ANY, AND CONSULTS WITH OUTSIDE COUNSEL AS DEEMED NECESSARY. IFER RECOGNIZES INTEREST AND PENALTIES, IF ANY, RELATED TO UNRECOGNIZED TAX LIABILITIES IN INCOME TAX EXPENSE. IN MANAGEMENT'S OPINION, IFER HAS NOT TAKEN ANY UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS, AND ACCORDINGLY, HAS NOT REPORTED A CORRESPONDING LIABILITY IN IFER' FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. 1 EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND) - ALBANIA, ANDORRA, AUSTRIA, BELGIUM 0 0 GRANT MAKING FUNDING SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 12500 0 0 0 0 0 0 12500 0 12500 EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND & GREENLAND) - ALBANIA, ANDORRA, AUSTRIA, BELGIUM RESEARCH 12500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PART III ACCOUNTING METHOD: SCHEDULE F PART II COLUMN D KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE (SWEDEN) THE GRANT WAS GIVEN TO THE KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE TO SUPPORT THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY NURIA VILARNAU. MS. VILARNAU'S RESEARCH FOCUSES UPON THE "MECHANISTIC ANALYSES OF HUMAN HEPATOCYTE PLASTICITY." THE GOAL OF MS. VILARNAU'S PROJECT IS TO INVESTIGATE THE REGENERATION OF THE HUMAN LIVER IN VITRO USING A 3D SPHERE CULTURE SYSTEM. CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE IS BECOMING A MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGE, AND THE MAIN THERAPEUTIC OPTION FOR INDIVIDUALS SUFFERING FROM END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE IS LIVER TRANSPLANTATION. HOWEVER, ANOTHER POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC APPROACH COULD INVOLVE BOOSTING THE NATURAL REGENERATIVE POTENTIAL OF LIVER CELLS. WHILE THE MAIN MODEL TO STUDY TISSUE REGENERATION HAS RELIED ON RODENTS, THE TRANSLATIONAL IMPACT OF ANIMAL MODELS IS LIMITED DUE TO SPECIES DIFFERENCES. TRADITIONAL TWO-DIMENSIONAL CELL MODELS OF THE HUMAN LIVER HAVE ALSO BEEN INADEQUATE TO STUDY THIS CONDITION. NURIA WILL BE USING A 3D CELL CULTURE SYSTEM THAT ENABLES THE STUDY OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY OF HUMAN ADULT LIVER REGENERATION. SHE WILL INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS THAT SMALL MOLECULES AND GROWTH FACTORS HAVE ON TRIGGERING HUMAN LIVER CELLS TO GROW AND WILL PERFORM A HIGH-THROUGHPUT GENE EXPRESSION STUDY TO BETTER UNDERSTAND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS IMPORTANT FOR HUMAN LIVER CELL GROWTH. 1 WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY 5057 WOODWARD AVENUE 13TH F DETROIT MI 48202 386028429 12500 0 RESEARCH UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER 601 ELMWOOD AVENUE ROCHESTER NY 14626 160743209 12500 0 RESEARCH HARVARD UNIVERSITY 1033 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE 3RD FL CAMBRIDGE MA 02138 042103580 12500 0 RESEARCH UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS - DALLAS 800 W CAMPBELL ROAD AD15 RICHARDSON TX 750803021 751305566 12500 0 RESEARCH CORNELL UNIVERSITY 616 THURSTON AVENUE ITHACA NY 14853 150532082 12500 0 RESEARCH DUKE UNIVERSITY 2138 COMPUS DRIVE DURHAM NC 27708 562070036 12500 0 RESEARCH SCHEDULE I PART II COLUMN H CORNELL UNIVERSITY (NEW YORK): THE GRANT WAS GIVEN TO CORNELL UNIVERSITY IN NEW YORK TO SUPPORT THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY YANSONG (HARRY) PENG. MR. PENG'S RESEARCH FOCUSES ON "A TISSUE-ENGINEERED PANCREATIC CANCER MODEL FOR DISSECTING THE ROLES OF LYMPHATIC VESSELS IN TUMOR IMMUNITY." THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO CREATE A 3D MICROFLUIDIC MODEL FOR DISSECTING THE ROLES OF LYMPHATIC VESSELS IN TUMOR IMMUNITY. PANCREATIC CANCER REMAINS ONE OF THE MOST LETHAL FORMS OF CANCER, WITH LESS THAN 10% OF PATIENTS SURVIVING PAST 5 YEARS. ALTHOUGH THERE IS AN FDA-APPROVED IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR THE DISEASE, FEWER THAN 10% OF PATIENTS RESPOND TO IT, AND QUESTIONS REMAIN ABOUT HOW TO MAKE IMMUNOTHERAPIES MORE EFFECTIVE TREATMENTS. SOME THINK THE RESISTANCE TO IMMUNOTHERAPY IS CAUSED BY DEFECTS IN LYMPHATIC VESSELS WHICH INCREASE THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID PRESSURE IN THE TUMORS AND REDUCE THE ABILITY OF IMMUNE CELLS TO ENTER. IN THIS PROPOSAL, HARRY SEEKS TO CREATE A 3D MICROFLUIDIC MODEL OF VASCULARIZED PANCREATIC CANCER TUMORS IN A DEVICE CONTAINING BLOOD VESSELS, LYMPHATIC VESSELS, AND PANCREATIC CANCER CELLS. HE CAN MIMIC THE INTERSTITIAL FLUID FLOW FOUND IN NORMAL AND TUMOR TISSUES AND EXAMINE THE IMPACT THIS HAS ON INFILTRATION OF IMMUNE CELLS AND RESPONSE TO CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPIES. THE PANCREATIC CANCER ON A CHIP MODEL HAS THE POTENTIAL TO PROVIDE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISM OF IMMUNITY TO IMMUNOTHERAPIES AND TO ALSO SERVE AS A PLATFORM FOR THE SCREENING OF DRUGS FOR THIS CONDITION, WHILE REDUCING THE USE OF ANIMAL MODELS FOR THIS PURPOSE. DUKE UNIVERSITY (NORTH CAROLINA): THE GRANT WAS GIVEN TO DUKE UNIVERSITY TO SUPPORT THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY XINGRUI MOU. MR. MOU'S RESEARCH FOCUSES ON "ENGINEERED IN VITRO MODEL OF THE HUMAN KIDNEY FOR BLOOD FILTRATION AND DISEASE MODELING." THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ENGINEER A CELL-BASED MODEL OF THE HUMAN KIDNEY THAT CAN MIMIC ITS BLOOD FILTRATION FUNCTION. GIVEN THAT A GROWING NUMBER OF PEOPLE ARE AFFLICTED WITH KIDNEY DISEASE, A MODEL THAT CAN MIMIC THE STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE HUMAN KIDNEYS IS NEEDED. XINGRUI WILL ENGINEER A MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE THAT CAN REPLICATE THE VASCULAR AND URINARY COMPARTMENTS OF THE HUMAN KIDNEY AND WILL POPULATE THE DEVICE WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF HUMAN KIDNEY CELLS DERIVED FROM HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. HE WILL THEN CONDUCT TESTS TO EXAMINE THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE ENGINEERED KIDNEY MODEL AND USE IT TO STUDY KIDNEY DISEASES, WHILE PROVIDING THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY WITH AN ALTERNATIVE THAT CAN REDUCE RELIANCE ON ANIMAL MODELS IN THIS AREA OF RESEARCH. HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MASSACHUSETTS): THE GRANT WAS GIVEN TO HARVARD UNIVERSITY TO SUPPORT THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY KATHARINA KROLL. MS. KROLL'S RESEARCH FOCUSES UPON THE "DEVELOPMENT OF A PERFUSABLE VASCULARIZED 3D-KIDNEY ORGANOID ON A CHIP FOR NEPHROTOXICITY TESTING." THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ENGINEER A MORE COMPLEX IN VITRO MODEL OF THE HUMAN KIDNEY. THE KIDNEY IS A TARGET OF SIDE EFFECTS OF DRUGS, AND ANIMAL MODELS OFTEN DO NOT PREDICT THESE EFFECTS AND ALSO LACK EFFICACY IN GENERAL FOR TESTING DRUG SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS. THERE ARE LIMITATIONS WITH EXISTING CELL-BASED KIDNEY MODELS, TOO, AS THEY LACK A BLOOD SUPPLY (VASCULATURE), DO NOT INCLUDE IMMUNE CELLS, AND ARE OFTEN MADE OF KIDNEY CELLS THAT HAVEN'T MATURED BEYOND EARLY EMBRYONIC STAGESALL OF WHICH KATHARINA PLANS TO ADDRESS IN HER MODEL. SHE WILL BE BUILDING A KIDNEY ORGANOID ON A CHIP PLATFORM THAT INTEGRATES VASCULATURE, INCLUDING VASCULATURE DERIVED FROM THE KIDNEY ORGANOIDS THEMSELVES, WHICH CONNECT TO A LARGER VESSEL THAT SHE CREATES IN THE MODEL. SHE WILL SHOW THESE NETWORKS CONNECT FUNCTIONALLY AND THAT SOLUTIONS CAN BE FLOWED THROUGH THEM. SHE WILL FURTHER OPTIMIZE HER SYSTEM BY EXAMINING FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE MIGRATION OF THE CELLS THAT CREATE THESE VESSELS. SHE WILL ALSO TEST WHETHER THIS SYSTEM CAN SUPPORT THE FLOW OF BLOOD CELLS DELIVERED THROUGH THIS NETWORK AND WILL EXPOSE KIDNEY ORGANOIDS TO SPECIFIC TOXINS AND MEASURE THE IMPACT OF THOSE TREATMENTS ON THE OVERALL INTEGRITY AND FUNCTION OF THE ORGANOIDS. UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER (NEW YORK): THE GRANT WAS GIVEN TO THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER TO SUPPORT THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY KAIHUA (CHLOE). MS. CHEN'S RESEARCH FOCUSES UPON "IN VITRO STUDIES OF BIOPHYSICAL AND MOLECULAR DETERMINANTS OF THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DURING SEPSIS AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION." THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS THE IN VITRO STUDY OF BIOPHYSICAL AND MOLECULAR DETERMINATES OF THE BLOOD BARRIER DURING SEPSIS AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION. SEPSIS IS A POTENTIALLY LIFE-THREATENING CONDITION THAT TAKES PLACE WHEN THE BODY RESPONDS TO AN INFECTION BUT DAMAGES ITS OWN TISSUES DURING THE PROCESS. SURVIVORS OF SEVERE SEPSIS OFTEN HAVE COGNITIVE LOSS AND MENTAL PROBLEMS BELIEVED TO BE LINKED TO BRAIN INJURY RESULTING FROM THE DESTRUCTION OF THE BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER AND TRANSPORT OF SEPTIC FACTORS THROUGH BLOOD FLOW. ALTHOUGH MICE ARE COMMONLY USED TO MODEL SEPSIS, THEY DO NOT GIVE RESPONSE PROFILES RESEMBLING THOSE OF HUMANS. IN THIS PROPOSAL, CHLOE PLANS TO DEVELOP A HUMAN CELL-BASED MODEL TO STUDY BRAIN INJURY DURING SEPSIS. HER MODEL WILL INCLUDE THE THREE CELL TYPES COMPRISING THE NEUROVASCULAR UNIT (HUMAN BLOOD VESSEL CELLS, ASTROCYTES, AND PERICYTES) ALONG WITH A MICROFLUIDIC COMPONENT THAT ALLOWS FOR CIRCULATING FLOW WITH A PHYSIOLOGICAL LEVEL OF SHEAR STRESS. SHE WILL USE THE MODEL TO INVESTIGATE HOW INDIVIDUAL CELL TYPES RESPOND TO A SIMULATED SEPTIC 'CYTOKINE STORM AND WILL INVESTIGATE WHETHER SPHINGOSINE 1 PHOSPHATE OFFERS A PROTECTIVE EFFECT. UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS (TEXAS): THE GRANT WAS GIVEN TO UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS TO SUPPORT THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY DIVYA SUBRAMANIAN. MS. SUBRAMANIAN' FOCUSES UPON "DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL IN-VITRO BIOMIMETIC CORNEAL STROMA USING MICROFLUIDICS TO STUDY CORNEAL WOUND HEALING." THE GOAL OF THIS STUDY IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL IN-VITRO BIOMIMETIC CORNEAL STROMA USING MICROFLUIDICS TO STUDY CORNEAL WOUND HEALING. THE CORNEA IS THE PART OF THE EYE WHICH IS EXPOSED TO THE OUTER ENVIRONMENT AND IS MOST LIKELY TO BECOME DAMAGED DUE TO VARIOUS INSULTS, SO CORNEAL WOUND HEALING IS A SIGNIFICANT CLINICAL PROBLEM AND AN IMPORTANT MEDICAL ISSUE. CORNEAL WOUND HEALING RESEARCH CURRENTLY RELIES HEAVILY ON ANIMAL MODELS, PARTICULARLY RABBITS. HOWEVER, DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RABBIT AND HUMAN CORNEAS MAKE EXTRAPOLATION OF DATA ACROSS SPECIES PROBLEMATIC. IN THIS PROPOSAL, DIVYA IS PLANNING TO DEVELOP NOVEL 2-DIMENSIONAL AND 3-DIMENSIONAL HUMAN CELL-BASED MODELS OF THE CORNEAL STROMA FOR USE IN WOUND HEALING STUDIES. TO BETTER MIMIC THE NATIVE CORNEA STROMAL STRUCTURE, SHE WILL BE GROWING A HUMAN CORNEAL KERATOCYTE CELL LINE ON MICROPATTERNS OF ALIGNED COLLAGEN FIBRILS, AS THE GEOMETRY AND TOPOGRAPHY OF THE CELL MICROENVIRONMENT MODULATE CORNEAL CELL BEHAVIOR. SHE WILL THEN DEVELOP A WOUND HEALING ASSAY IN THIS SYSTEM TO REDUCE THE USE OF ANIMALS FOR THIS PURPOSE. WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY (MICHIGAN): THE GRANT WAS GIVEN TO WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY TO SUPPORT THE RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY PRASHANT HARIHARAN. MR. HARIHARAN'S RESEARCH FOCUSES UPON "ENGINEERING HUMAN CHOROID PLEXUS-ON-A-CHIP AS A NON-ANIMAL MODEL TO ADVANCE THE UNDERSTANDING OF HOW HYDROCEPHALUS ALTERS NORMAL CSF SECRETION." THE GOAL OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A HUMAN-RELEVANT IN VITRO MODEL TO STUDY HYDROCEPHALUS, THE BUILDUP OF FLUIDS IN THE CAVITIES OF THE BRAIN. IN INDIVIDUALS AFFLICTED WITH HYDROCEPHALUS, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF) ACCUMULATES IN BRAIN VENTRICLES, CAUSING INCREASED PRESSURE IN THOSE AREAS AND MENTAL DECLINE, IF THE CONDITION ISN'T TREATED. CURRENTLY TREATMENTS FOCUS ON SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS THAT HAVE HIGH FAILURE RATES OVER TIME. THERE IS A NEED TO DEVELOP DRUG-BASED THERAPIES, BUT THIS HAS NOT BEEN SUCCESSFUL AS RESEARCHERS NEED A GOOD UNDERSTANDING OF HOW CSF IS SECRETED IN THE BRAIN. THIS PROJECTS SEEKS TO CREATE AN ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP MODEL OF THE CHOROID PLEXUS, THE TISSUE WHICH PRODUCES CSF IN THE BRAIN TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE MECHANISMS OF CSF SECRETION, IN AN EFFORT TO REPLACE ANIMAL MODELS USED IN THIS LINE OF RESEARCH AND TO DEVELOP A HUMAN-RELEVANT MODEL FOR DRUG SCREENING. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 KENNETH KANDARAS PRESIDENT 0 158281 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 158281 0 0 KENNETH CUNNIFF SPOUSE OF BOARD MEMBER 18000 LEGAL COUNSEL AND PROGRAM COORDINATING FOR THE ORGANIZATION 0 SCHEDULE L PART IV KENNETH CUNNIFF'S COMPENSATION IS DETERMINED BY THE BOARD WITHOUT MARY MARGARET CUNNIFF'S INVOLVEMENT OR VOTE. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B THE PRESIDENT OF THE IFER PRESENTS THE FORM 990 TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR THEIR REVIEW PRIOR TO SIGNING AND FILING THE RETURN. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C THE PRESIDENT AND LEGAL COUNSEL MAINTAIN ONGOING COMMUNICATION WITH BOARD MEMBERS TO LEARN THEIR ACTIVITIES AND POTENTIAL CONFLICTS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 THE FORM 990, AND ALL OTHER GOVERNING DOCUMENTS ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON THEIR REQUEST. THE FORM 990 FOR THE CURRENT YEAR AND FOR PRIOR YEARS ARE AVAILABLE ON THE WEBSITE IRS.GOV. THE ORGANIZATION SWITCH FROM THE CASH BASIS TO ACCRUAL BASIS OF ACCOUNTING EFFECTIVE 1/1/2022. FORM 990, PART XII, LINE 2C: THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY FOR OVERSIGHT OF THE REVIEW AND SELECTION OF AN INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANT. NATIONAL ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY 444 N WELLS ST STE 406 CHICAGO IL 60654 362229588 ENDING THE EXPLOITATION OF ANIMALS USED IN SCIENCE IL 501(C)(3) LINE 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NATIONAL ANTI-VIVISECTION SOCIETY C 275000 FAIR VALUE - CASH