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      <RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt>0</RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PART X, LINE 2:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>INCOME TAXES - THE ORGANIZATION IS EXEMPT FROM FEDERAL INCOME TAXES IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 501(C)(3) OF THE IRC AND STATE TAXES UNDER MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL LAWS, CHAPTER 63, SECTION 30. ACCORDINGLY, NO PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES IS REFLECTED IN THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ORGANIZATION ARE TAX DEDUCTIBLE. IN ACCORDANCE WITH GAAP, THE ORGANIZATION MUST IDENTIFY, RECOGNIZE, MEASURE AND DISCLOSE IN ITS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS THE EFFECTS OF ANY UNCERTAIN TAX REPORTING POSITIONS THAT THE ORGANIZATION HAS TAKEN OR EXPECTS TO TAKE. THE ORGANIZATION MUST RECOGNIZE AN UNRECOGNIZED TAX BENEFIT WHEN, DESPITE THE ORGANIZATION'S BELIEF THAT ITS TAX RETURN POSITIONS ARE SUPPORTABLE, IT IS POSSIBLE THAT CERTAIN POSITIONS MAY NOT BE FULLY SUSTAINED UPON REVIEW BY TAX AUTHORITIES. BENEFITS FROM TAX POSITIONS ARE MEASURED AT THE LARGEST AMOUNT OF BENEFIT THAT HAS A GREATER THAN 50% LIKELIHOOD OF BEING REALIZED UPON SETTLEMENT. THE ORGANIZATION RECOGNIZES INTEREST ACCRUED RELATED TO UNRECOGNIZED TAX BENEFITS IN INTEREST EXPENSE AND PENALTIES IN OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS. NO SUCH INTEREST OR PENALTIES WERE RECOGNIZED DURING THE PERIODS PRESENTED. THE ORGANIZATION HAD NO ACCRUALS FOR INTEREST AND PENALTIES AT JUNE 30, 2023 AND 2022. TO THE EXTENT THAT THE FINAL TAX OUTCOME OF THESE MATTERS IS DIFFERENT THAN THE AMOUNTS RECORDED, SUCH DIFFERENCES IMPACT INCOME TAX EXPENSE IN THE PERIOD IN WHICH SUCH DETERMINATION IS MADE. MANAGEMENT HAS EVALUATED THE ORGANIZATION'S TAX POSITIONS AGAINST RETURNS FILED AND HAS DETERMINED NO ADDITIONAL ADJUSTMENTS ARE NECESSARY. THE ORGANIZATION'S TAX RETURNS ARE SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION BY FEDERAL AND STATE TAX AUTHORITIES FROM 2020 TO 2022.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SubtotalEmployeesCnt>0</SubtotalEmployeesCnt>
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      <TotalOfficeCnt>0</TotalOfficeCnt>
      <TotalEmployeeCnt>0</TotalEmployeeCnt>
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      <ContinuationSpentAmt>0</ContinuationSpentAmt>
      <TotalSpentAmt>0</TotalSpentAmt>
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        <TypeOfAssistanceTxt>RESEARCH AND PRODUCE ARTICLE SERIES ON AMERICAN SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT</TypeOfAssistanceTxt>
        <RegionTxt>EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND &amp; GREENLAND)</RegionTxt>
        <RecipientCnt>1</RecipientCnt>
        <CashGrantAmt>14000</CashGrantAmt>
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      <TransferToForeignCorpInd>0</TransferToForeignCorpInd>
      <InterestInForeignTrustInd>0</InterestInForeignTrustInd>
      <ForeignCorpOwnershipInd>0</ForeignCorpOwnershipInd>
      <PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd>0</PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd>
      <ForeignPartnershipInd>0</ForeignPartnershipInd>
      <BoycottCountriesInd>0</BoycottCountriesInd>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PART III ACCOUNTING METHOD:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
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    </IRS990ScheduleF>
    <IRS990ScheduleI documentId="RetDoc1041900001">
      <GrantRecordsMaintainedInd>1</GrantRecordsMaintainedInd>
      <RecipientTable>
        <RecipientBusinessName>
          <BusinessNameLine1Txt>CLAREMONT INSTITUTE</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
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        <USAddress>
          <AddressLine1Txt>1317 W FOOTHILL BLVD 120</AddressLine1Txt>
          <CityNm>UPLAND</CityNm>
          <StateAbbreviationCd>CA</StateAbbreviationCd>
          <ZIPCd>91786</ZIPCd>
        </USAddress>
        <RecipientEIN>953443202</RecipientEIN>
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        <NonCashAssistanceAmt>0</NonCashAssistanceAmt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>RESEARCH AND INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING OF CORPORATE PHILANTHROPY</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
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      <RecipientTable>
        <RecipientBusinessName>
          <BusinessNameLine1Txt>W E UPJOHN INSTITUTE</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
        </RecipientBusinessName>
        <USAddress>
          <AddressLine1Txt>300 S WESTNEDGE AVE</AddressLine1Txt>
          <CityNm>KALAMAZOO</CityNm>
          <StateAbbreviationCd>MI</StateAbbreviationCd>
          <ZIPCd>49007</ZIPCd>
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        <CashGrantAmt>35000</CashGrantAmt>
        <NonCashAssistanceAmt>0</NonCashAssistanceAmt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>RESEARCH AND INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING OF EDUCATION</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
      </RecipientTable>
      <RecipientTable>
        <RecipientBusinessName>
          <BusinessNameLine1Txt>RYAN RESEARCH LLC</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
        </RecipientBusinessName>
        <USAddress>
          <AddressLine1Txt>177 N SCOTTSDALE RD 3054</AddressLine1Txt>
          <CityNm>SCOTTSDALE</CityNm>
          <StateAbbreviationCd>AZ</StateAbbreviationCd>
          <ZIPCd>85255</ZIPCd>
        </USAddress>
        <RecipientEIN>842081987</RecipientEIN>
        <CashGrantAmt>12000</CashGrantAmt>
        <NonCashAssistanceAmt>0</NonCashAssistanceAmt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>RESEARCH /BOOK ON 19TH CENTURY ECONOMY</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>SCHEDULE I, PART 1, QUESTION 2</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>GRANTS ARE PUBLICLY ADVERTISED, GRANT APPLICATIONS ARE REVIEWED BY 4-PERSON BOARD (DISTINCT FROM AM AFFRS BOARD); GRANTEES MUST SUBMIT SUMMARY PROGRAMMING AND FINANCIAL REPORTS AT END OF GRANT PERIOD.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <LoansBtwnOrgInterestedPrsnGrp>
        <PersonNm>JULIUS KREIN</PersonNm>
        <RelationshipWithOrgTxt>JULIUS KREIN IS PRESIDENT OF AMERICAN AFFAIRS FOUNDATION INC.</RelationshipWithOrgTxt>
        <LoanPurposeTxt>HELP FUND OPERATIONS</LoanPurposeTxt>
        <LoanToOrganizationInd>X</LoanToOrganizationInd>
        <OriginalPrincipalAmt>101000</OriginalPrincipalAmt>
        <BalanceDueAmt>30000</BalanceDueAmt>
        <DefaultInd>0</DefaultInd>
        <BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd>1</BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd>
        <WrittenAgreementInd>1</WrittenAgreementInd>
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          <BusinessName>
            <BusinessNameLine1Txt>BELISARIUS ADVISORS LLC</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
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        </NameOfInterested>
        <RelationshipDescriptionTxt>BELISARIUS ADVISORS IS A WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF JULIUS KREIN</RelationshipDescriptionTxt>
        <TransactionAmt>328000</TransactionAmt>
        <TransactionDesc>PAYMENT FOR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. THE CONTRACT WAS REVIEWED BY THE BOARD IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ORGANIZATION'S CONFLICT OF INTEREST/COMPENSATION POLICY WITH RESPECT TO COMPARABLE SERVICES REMUNERATION.</TransactionDesc>
        <SharingOfRevenuesInd>0</SharingOfRevenuesInd>
      </BusTrInvolveInterestedPrsnGrp>
      <BusTrInvolveInterestedPrsnGrp>
        <NameOfInterested>
          <BusinessName>
            <BusinessNameLine1Txt>AVENTINE ADVISERS LLC</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
          </BusinessName>
        </NameOfInterested>
        <RelationshipDescriptionTxt>AVENTINE ADVISERS LLC IS A WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF GLADDEN PAPPIN</RelationshipDescriptionTxt>
        <TransactionAmt>2000</TransactionAmt>
        <TransactionDesc>PAYMENT FOR ARTICLE HONORARIUM. THE CONTRACT WAS REVIEWED BY THE BOARD IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ORGANIZATION'S CONFLICT OF INTEREST/COMPENSATION POLICY WITH RESPECT TO COMPARABLE SERVICES REMUNERATION.</TransactionDesc>
        <SharingOfRevenuesInd>0</SharingOfRevenuesInd>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>THE PRESIDENT REVIEWS THE DRAFT RETURN AND SENDS A COPY TO ALL BOARD MEMBERS FOR THEIR REVIEW OF THE RETURN PRIOR TO SIGNING ALL RETURNS.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>TO ENSURE THE ORGANIZATION OPERATED IN A MANNER CONSISTENT WITH CHARITABLE PURPOSES AND DOES NOT ENGAGE IN ACTVITIES THAT COULD JEOPARDIZE ITS TAX-EXEMPT STATUS, PERIODIC REVIEW SHALL BE CONDUCTED. THE PERIOID REVIEW SHALL, AT A MINIMUM, INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING SUBJECTS: 1. WHETHER COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENTS AND BENEFITS ARE REASONABLE BASED ON COMPETENT SURVEY INFORMATION, AND THE RESULT OF ARM'S LENGTH BARGAINING; 2. WHETHER PARTNERSHIPS, JOINT VENTURS, AND ARRANGEMENTS WITH MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS CONFORM TO THE ORGANIZATIONS WRITTEN POLICIES, ARE PROPERLY RECORDED, REFLECT REASONABLE INVESTMENT OR PAYMENTS FOR GOODS AND SERVICES, FURTHER CHARITABLE PURPOSES AND DO NOT RESULT IN INUREMENT, IMPERMISSIBLE PRIVATE BENEFIT OR IN AN EXCESS BENEFIT TRANSACTION.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>COMPENSATION DECISIONS ARE REVIEWED BY THE BOARD, EXCLUDING THE AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL; COMPARABILITY DATA IS PROVIDED; AND DECISIONS ARE DOCUMENTED CONTEMPORANEOULSY, ACCORDING TO THE FOUNDATION'S POLICY. PROFESSIONAL SERVICE FEES FOR OTHER KEY OFFICERS ARE DETERMINED BY THE SAME PROCESS/COMPENSATION/CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICIES AS TOP OFFICER.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>DOCUMENTS REQUIRED BY LAW ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART IX, LINE 11G</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>CONTRACTORS: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 65,500. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 0. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 65,500. PROFESSIONAL FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 0. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 18,368. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 18,368.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PART XII, QUESTION 2 C</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>THE ORGANIZATON, DURING THE TAX YEAR, DID NOT CHANGE ITS OVERSIGHT PROCESS OR SELECTION PROCESS FOR ITS INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANT.</ExplanationTxt>
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</Return>
