2023-11-13T11:01:20+00:00 2022-12-31 350921680 CROWE LLP 9600 Brownsboro Road Suite 400 Louisville KY 402413902 990 2022-01-01 470710738 Merrick Medical Center Foundation MERR 3089462229 1715 26th Street Central City NE 688269501 Julie Lacy Interim CEO - MMC 2023-11-13 false Julie Lacy 999009999 Kim Scifres P01316095 5023263996 2022 2023-04-26 12:10:37Z Julie Lacy 1715 26th Street Central City NE 688269501 345644 false X n/a X 1987 NE Support of Merrick Medical Center, Central City, NE 8 6 0 100 0 0 109735 125607 0 12233 6500 195471 213057 317439 345164 2557952 21195 0 0 0 0 46224 41480 2604176 62675 -2286737 282489 1925774 2157161 0 0 1925774 2157161 Support of Merrick Medical Center, Central City, NE false false 62675 21195 Merrick Medical Center Foundation donates funds to Merrick Medical Center (MMC) for any purpose deemed necessary by MMC to provide personalized, compassionate, and quality health care services for the people of Merrick County and the surrounding area. 62675 true true false false false false false false true true false false false false true false true false false false false false false true false false false true true false false false false false false false false false false false false false true false false false true 0 0 0 false false false false false true true false false false false false false X 8 6 false false false false true true false true true false false true true true true true true false false false NE X Julie Lacy 3089463015 1715 26th Street Central City NE 688269501 Brittany Santin Vice President 0.5 0 X X 0 0 0 Dallas Zimbelman President 0.5 0 X X 0 0 0 SCOTT SIMONSEN SECRETARY/TREASURER 0.5 0 X X 0 0 0 Al Campbell Trustee (Effective 01/01/2022) 0.5 0 X 0 0 0 Anita Kucera Trustee 0.5 0 X 0 0 0 Brian Buhlke DO TRUSTEE (Effective 01/01/2022) 0.5 50.0 X 0 461279 48864 JANE HUBKA TRUSTEE 0.5 0 X 0 0 0 PATRICK AVILA TRUSTEE / President MMC 0.5 60.0 X 0 281136 41996 0 742415 90860 0 false true false 0 12195 113412 125607 0 0 0 0 0 6500 6500 0 0 0 0 8500 12195 480 8020 8020 Auxiliary Income 900099 205037 205037 0 0 0 0 205037 345164 0 0 219557 X 2500 2500 18695 18695 0 0 0 0 100 100 10433 10433 5702 5702 15249 15249 Repairs and Maintenance 3148 3148 6848 6848 0 0 62675 62675 0 0 1158041 1252931 246169 497760 151410 94168 0 0 0 0 267711 114545 168415 153166 195632 153029 0 0 6107 6107 1925774 2157161 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 886084 1373713 1039690 783448 1925774 2157161 1925774 2157161 282489 -51102 0 X false true X true false X X 0 Merrick Medical Center 820906268 3 true 0 0 1 0 0 true false false false false false false false false false false false false false false true false RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 0 0 0 0 0 0 379557 39946 414887 4616 0 400683 -15066 6060 379557 1.0 0.0 0.0 true false 265499 112333 153166 2212 2212 0 153166 0 X Schedule D, Part V, Line 4 Intended uses of endowment funds THE ORGANIZATION'S ENDOWMENT FUNDS ARE ESTABLISHED AND MAINTAINED TO PROVIDE THE CHARITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS TO MERRICK MEDICAL CENTER FOR CAPITAL AND PROGRAMMATIC SUPPORT. PER THE DIRECTION OF PAUL CLARK, THE ENDOWMENT FUNDS WERE PAID OUT BY 12/31/2019 AND THE ACCOUNTS WERE CLOSED. Schedule D, Part X, Line 2 FIN 48 (ASC 740) footnote MMCF IS A NOT-FOR-PROFIT AND IS EXEMPT FROM INCOME TAXES UNDER SECTION 501(A) OF THE CODE AND A SIMILAR PROVISION OF STATE LAW. HOWEVER, THEY ARE SUBJECT TO FEDERAL INCOME TAX ON ANY UNRELATED BUSINESS TAXABLE INCOME. MMCF ACCOUNTS FOR UNCERTAINTIES IN ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES USING GUIDANCE INCLUDED IN FASB ACCOUNTING STANDARDS CODIFICATION (ASC) TOPIC 740, INCOME TAXES. MMCF RECOGNIZES THE EFFECT OF INCOME TAX PROVISIONS ONLY IF THOSE POSITIONS ARE MORE LIKELY THAN NOT OF BEING SUSTAINED. AT DECEMBER 31, 2022 and 2021, MMCF HAD NO UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS ACCRUED. Golf Tournament 20695 12195 8500 480 0 0 20695 12195 8500 480 480 8020 true Scholarships/Loan Repayments 11 18695 Schedule I, Part I, Line 2 The Foundation provides grants to Merrick Medical Center, a related organization. Grant requests are made by the CEO, and approved by the Foundation Board of Directors at one of the Board's four quarterly meetings. Schedule I, Part I, Line 2 Procedures for monitoring use of grant funds. Merrick Medical Center Foundation provided grants to Go Big Give in 2022. Grant requests are made by the CEO and approved by the foundation board of directors at one of the board's four quarterly meetings. false false false false false false false false false Brian Buhlke DO TRUSTEE (Effective 01/01/2022) 0 254852 0 179523 0 26904 0 19091 0 29773 0 510143 0 0 PATRICK AVILA TRUSTEE / President MMC 0 232477 0 45602 0 3057 0 13368 0 28628 0 323132 0 0 Schedule J, Part I, Line 3 Arrangement used to establish the top management official's compensation BRYAN HEALTH'S BOARD OF TRUSTEES BELIEVES COMPENSATION FOR THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM, INCLUDING THIS ORGANIZATIONS CEO AND CEOS OF ALL RURAL HOSPITALS OWNED BY BRYAN HEALTH, MUST REFLECT THE COMPLEXITIES OF LEADING AND MANAGING A MULTI-HOSPITAL HEALTH SYSTEM THAT PROVIDES SERVICES THROUGHOUT MUCH OF THE STATE. RECOGNIZING THAT ITS LEADERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE QUALITY OF CARE, PATIENT SERVICES AND OVERALL FINANCIAL HEALTH OF one of THE LARGEST PRIVATE EMPLOYERs IN LINCOLN/LANCASTER COUNTY, BRYAN HEALTH'S BOARD HAS ESTABLISHED A COMPENSATION PLAN THAT MATCHES THIS LEVEL OF RESPONSIBILITY. THIS PLAN, KNOWN AS THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY IS REVIEWED AT LEAST ANNUALLY BY BRYAN HEALTH'S COMPENSATION COMMITTEE. THIS COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY TARGETS BASE SALARY FOR SENIOR MANAGERS AT THE 50TH PERCENTILE OF THE MARKET. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE IS APPOINTED BY BRYAN HEALTH'S BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND IS MADE UP OF INDEPENDENT COMMUNITY LEADERS WHO ALL SERVE VOLUNTARILY, AND WHO MUST ADHERE TO A STRINGENT CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION IS DETERMINED AND REVIEWED PURSUANT TO GUIDELINES OUTLINED IN THE INTERMEDIATE SANCTION RULES UNDER IRC SECTION 4958 INCLUDING TAKING STEPS TO MEET THE REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTION STANDARD OF REASONABLENESS UNDER TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 53.4958-6. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE CONDUCTS A COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL REVIEW OF ALL COMPENSATION PROVIDED BY THE ORGANIZATION TO THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM. THIS REVIEW IS CONDUCTED BY THE COMMITTEE BY UTILIZING NATIONAL SALARY SURVEYS, CONDUCTED BY INDEPENDENT EXTERNAL FIRMS. COMPENSATION FOR SENIOR MANAGERS IS COMPARED TO COMPENSATION OF SENIOR MANAGERS AT LIKE INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE U.S. TO DETERMINE THAT THE VALUE OF COMPENSATION PROVIDED IS REASONABLE AND AT FAIR MARKET VALUE. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE ALSO WORKS DIRECTLY WITH AN EXTERNAL INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT TO REVIEW THE REASONABLENESS OF TOTAL COMPENSATION PROVIDED TO THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM, AND TO ASSURE THAT THE TOTAL COMPENSATION PAID CONFORMS TO THE OVERALL COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY. THE COMPENSATION CONSULTANT PROVIDES WRITTEN OPINIONS TO THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE THAT ASSESSES THE REASONABLENESS OF THE TOTAL EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PAID TO SENIOR MANAGERS. THE ANNUAL COMPENSATION REVIEW PROCEDURE WAS COMPLETED BY THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE ON May 6, 2022. ALL DECISIONS OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE ARE CONTEMPORANEOUSLY DOCUMENTED IN THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE MINUTES WHICH ARE TIMELY REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE COMMITTEE. Form 990, Part VI, Line 15a PROCESS USED TO ESTABLISH COMPENSATION OF TOP MANAGEMENT OFFICIAL Merrick Medical Center FOUNDATION (MMCF) DID NOT PAY SALARY EXPENSE DURING THE TAX YEAR. EMPLOYEES WHO DIRECTLY SUPPORT MMCF'S MISSION ARE EMPLOYEES OF BRYAN HEALTH. THE PROCESS FOR REVIEWING AND EVALUATING COMPENSATION FOR THIS ORGANIZATION'S CEO AND FOR ALL RURAL HOSPITAL CEOS EMPLOYED BY BRYAN HEALTH, IS OVERSEEN BY BRYAN HEALTH'S HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT. THE PROCESS INCLUDES AN ANNUAL ASSESSMENT OF CEO COMPENSATION INCLUDING BENCHMARKING SALARIES TO SEVERAL NATIONAL SALARY SURVEYS TO DETERMINE THAT THE COMPENSATION IS CONSISTENT WITH THE ORGANIZATION'S CHARITABLE MISSION AND REASONABLE COMPARED WITH FAIR MARKET VALUE IN THE INDUSTRY. BRYAN HEALTH TARGETS BASE SALARY FOR RURAL HOSPITAL CEOS AT THE 50TH PERCENTILE OF THE MARKET. THE LAST ASSESSMENT WAS COMPLETED IN May 2020. BRYAN HEALTH'S BOARD OF TRUSTEES BELIEVES COMPENSATION FOR THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM, MUST REFLECT THE COMPLEXITIES OF LEADING AND MANAGING A MULTI-HOSPITAL HEALTH SYSTEM THAT PROVIDES SERVICES THROUGHOUT MUCH OF THE STATE. RECOGNIZING THAT ITS LEADERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE QUALITY OF CARE, PATIENT SERVICES AND OVERALL FINANCIAL HEALTH OF one of THE LARGEST PRIVATE EMPLOYERs IN LINCOLN/LANCASTER COUNTY, BRYAN HEALTH'S BOARD HAS ESTABLISHED A COMPENSATION PLAN THAT MATCHES THIS LEVEL OF RESPONSIBILITY. THIS PLAN, KNOWN AS THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY IS REVIEWED AT LEAST ANNUALLY BY BRYAN HEALTH'S COMPENSATION COMMITTEE. THIS COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY TARGETS BASE SALARY FOR SENIOR MANAGERS AT THE 50TH PERCENTILE OF THE MARKET. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE IS APPOINTED BY BRYAN HEALTH'S BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND IS MADE UP OF INDEPENDENT COMMUNITY LEADERS WHO ALL SERVE VOLUNTARILY, AND WHO MUST ADHERE TO A STRINGENT CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION IS DETERMINED AND REVIEWED PURSUANT TO GUIDELINES OUTLINED IN THE INTERMEDIATE SANCTION RULES UNDER IRC SECTION 4958 INCLUDING TAKING STEPS TO MEET THE REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTION STANDARD OF REASONABLENESS UNDER TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 53.4958-6. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE CONDUCTS A COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL REVIEW OF ALL COMPENSATION PROVIDED BY THE ORGANIZATION TO THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM. THIS REVIEW IS CONDUCTED BY THE COMMITTEE BY UTILIZING NATIONAL SALARY SURVEYS, CONDUCTED BY INDEPENDENT EXTERNAL FIRMS. COMPENSATION FOR SENIOR MANAGERS IS COMPARED TO COMPENSATION OF SENIOR MANAGERS AT LIKE INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE U.S. TO DETERMINE THAT THE VALUE OF COMPENSATION PROVIDED IS REASONABLE AND AT FAIR MARKET VALUE. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE ALSO WORKS DIRECTLY WITH AN EXTERNAL INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT TO REVIEW THE REASONABLENESS OF TOTAL COMPENSATION PROVIDED TO THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM, AND TO ASSURE THAT THE TOTAL COMPENSATION PAID CONFORMS TO THE OVERALL COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY. THE COMPENSATION CONSULTANT PROVIDES WRITTEN OPINIONS TO THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE THAT ASSESSES THE REASONABLENESS OF THE TOTAL EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PAID TO SENIOR MANAGERS. THE ANNUAL COMPENSATION REVIEW PROCEDURE WAS COMPLETED BY THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE ON May 6, 2022. ALL DECISIONS OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE ARE CONTEMPORANEOUSLY DOCUMENTED IN THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE MINUTES WHICH ARE TIMELY REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE COMMITTEE. EMPLOYED PHYSICIAN COMPENSATION IS UNDER THE PURVIEW OF THE BRYAN HEALTH COMPENSATION COMMITTEE. THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE HAS ESTABLISHED A POLICY REGARDING PHYSICIAN COMPENSATION WHICH ASSURES THAT PHYSICIAN COMPENSATION MEETS FAIR MARKET VALUE AND ALL OTHER LEGAL REQUIREMENTS. PHYSICIAN COMPENSATION IS BENCHMARKED AGAINST SEVERAL INDEPENDENT PHYSICIAN SPECIALTY - SPECIFIC SALARY SURVEYS AND IS REGULARLY REVIEWED BY THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE. Form 990, Part VI, Line 1a Delegate broad authority to a committee The Executive Committee shall consist of the Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of the Board, the Secretary/Treasurer of the Board, and President and Chief Executive Officer of Merrick Medical Center. The Executive Committee shall have and may exercise all of the authority and powers of the Board when the Board is not in session, except that the Executive Committee shall not have the power (a) to amend, alter or repeal the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Corporation; (b) to elect, appoint or remove any member of such committee or any Trustee or officer of the Corporation; (c) to adopt a plan of merger or adopt a plan of consolidation with another corporation; (d) to authorize the sale, lease, exchange or mortgage of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Corporation; (e) to authorize the voluntary dissolution of the Corporation or revoke proceedings therefor; (f) to adopt a plan for the distribution of the assets of the Corporation; or (g) to amend, alter or repeal any resolution of the Board which by its terms provides that it shall not be amended, altered or repealed by such committee. The Chairperson of the Board, in consultation with the Executive Committee, shall annually review and evaluate the performance of the President/Chief Executive Officer. The designation and appointment of an Executive Committee and the delegation thereto of authority shall not operate to relieve the Board, or any individual Trustee, of any responsibility imposed upon it or him/her by law. Form 990, Part VI, Line 6 Classes of members or stockholders AS STATED IN THE ORGANIZATION'S ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS, THE SOLE CORPORATE MEMBER OF Merrick Medical Center FOUNDATION IS Merrick Medical Center. Merrick Medical Center HAS THE RIGHT UNDER THE ORGANIZING DOCUMENTS TO: 1) APPROVE SIGNIFICANT DECISIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING BODY; 2) ELECT THE MEMBERS OF THE GOVERNING BODY; AND 3) RECEIVE ANY REMAINING ASSETS AFTER DISSOLUTION OF THE ORGANIZATION. Form 990, Part VI, Line 7a Members or stockholders electing members of governing body PURSUANT TO THE FOUNDATION's BYLAWS, the Foundation's board members are appointed by the board of directors of Merrick Medical Center. Form 990, Part VI, Line 11b Review of form 990 by governing body THIS 990 WAS PREPARED BY BRYAN HEALTH'S TAX DIVISION. DURING THE RETURN PREPARATION PROCESS, THE TAX DIVISION WORKS DILIGENTLY WITH OTHER DEPARTMENTS INCLUDING HUMAN RESOURCES, FINANCE, LEGAL, AND DEVELOPMENT TO GATHER INFORMATION TO COMPLETE FORM 990 AND ATTACHED SCHEDULES IN AN ACCURATE AND THOROUGH MANNER. THIS 990 WAS REVIEWED BY THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, AND OTHER KEY OFFICERS OF BRYAN HEALTH. THIS 990 WAS ALSO REVIEWED BY AN INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTING FIRM. BRYAN HEALTH'S BOARD OF TRUSTEES HAS DELEGATED THE REVIEW OF THE FORM 990 TO THE BOARD'S AUDIT COMMITTEE. EACH MEMBER OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE RECEIVED A COMPLETE COPY OF THIS 990, PRIOR TO FILING THE FORM WITH THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE. Form 990, Part VI, Line 12c Conflict of interest policy Merrick Medical Center FOUNDATION HAS ADOPTED A WRITTEN CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY THAT IS MONITORED AND ENFORCED BY THE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE OF BRYAN HEALTH. BOARD MEMBERS, OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES ARE REQUIRED TO ANNUALLY COMPLETE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST AND DISCLOSURE QUESTIONNAIRE TO IDENTIFY ANY FAMILY AND BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS AND TRANSACTIONS, OR OTHER TRANSACTIONS THAT MAY POSE A POTENTIAL CONFLICT. THE QUESTIONNAIRE REQUIRES EACH COVERED PERSON TO SIGN A STATEMENT CERTIFYING THAT HE/SHE: (1) HAS REPORTED INFORMATION THAT IS CORRECT AND COMPLETE TO THE BEST OF THEIR KNOWLEDGE; (2) HAS READ THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY AND UNDERSTANDS THE POLICY, AND (3) AGREES TO COMPLY WITH ALL REQUIREMENTS OF THE POLICY. COVERED PERSONS ARE ALSO REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE REAL OR POTENTIAL CONFLICTS AT THE TIME SUCH CONFLICTS ARISE. PERSONS WHO HAVE NOT RETURNED QUESTIONNAIRES ARE CONTACTED ADDITIONAL TIMES IN AN EFFORT TO RECEIVE COMPLETE AND ACCURATE RESPONSES FROM ALL PERSONS. FAILURE TO COMPLETE THE QUESTIONNAIRE CAN RESULT IN DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS. THE QUESTIONNAIRES ARE REVIEWED IN DETAIL BY THE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE OF BRYAN HEALTH. CONFLICTS ARE CLOSELY MONITORED BY MEMBERS OF THE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE. THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY HAS RESTRICTIONS FOR ANY BOARD MEMBER WITH A CONFLICT OF INTEREST. Form 990, Part VI, Line 19 Required documents available to the public THE ORGANIZATION'S ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND AMENDMENTS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC ON THE NEBRASKA SECRETARY OF STATE'S WEBSITE AT WWW.SOS.NE.GOV. ALSO, THIS ORGANIZATION IS INCLUDED WITHIN THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF BRYAN HEALTH THAT ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC BY THE POSTING OF THESE DOCUMENTS THROUGH THE MUNICIPAL SECURITIES RULEMAKING BOARD WEBSITE AT EMMA.MSRB.ORG. THE ORGANIZATION'S OTHER GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE GENERALLY NOT MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC. FEDERAL TAX LAWS DO NOT REQUIRE THAT GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICIES AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BE MADE AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC INSPECTION. Form 990, Part IX, Line 11g Other Expenses Other - Total Expense: 6848, Program Service Expense: 6848, Management and General Expenses: , Fundraising Expenses: ; Merrick Medical Center 2802 28th Street Central City NE 68826 820906268 Healthcare NE 501(c)(3) 3 Bryan Health false BRYAN HEALTH 1600 SOUTH 48TH STREET LINCOLN NE 68506 363414823 HEALTHCARE NE 501(c)(3) Type III-FI NA false BRYAN PHYSICIAN NETWORK 1600 SOUTH 48TH STREET LINCOLN NE 68506 201357375 HEALTHCARE NE 501(c)(3) 10 BRYAN HEALTH false BRYAN MEDICAL CENTER 1600 SOUTH 48TH STREET LINCOLN NE 68506 470376552 HEALTHCARE NE 501(c)(3) 3 BRYAN HEALTH false BRYAN FOUNDATION 1600 SOUTH 48TH STREET LINCOLN NE 68506 237005720 FUNDRAISING NE 501(c)(3) 7 BRYAN HEALTH false CRETE AREA MEDICAL CENTER 2910 BETTEN DRIVE CRETE NE 683330220 470841285 HEALTHCARE NE 501(c)(3) 3 BRYAN HEALTH false Grand Island Regional Medical Center 3533 Prairieview St Grand Island NE 68803 352621082 Healthcare NE 501(c)(3) 3 Bryan Health false Bryan Hospital Kearney dba Kearney Regional Medical Center 804 22nd Ave Kearney NE 68845 873486516 Healthcare NE 501(c)(3) 3 Bryan Health false BRYAN ENTERPRISES INC 1600 SOUTH 48TH STREET LINCOLN NE 68506 470701037 MEDICAL SERVICES NE BRYAN HEALTH C Corporation 0.0 false INTEGRATED CARDIOLOGY GROUP LLC 1600 SOUTH 48TH STREET LINCOLN NE 68506 470844961 CARDIOLOGY NE BRYAN HEALTH C Corporation 0 false BRYAN HEALTH CONNECT 1600 SOUTH 48TH STREET LINCOLN NE 68506 364771145 PHYSICIAN HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION NE BRYAN HEALTH C Corporation 0 false false false false false false false false false false false false false true false false true false false